Today, highly automated systems are employed in crop and animal industries to enhance agricultural input efficiency and thus increase agricultural output with reduced adverse impact on the environment. Ground and aerial robots combined with artificial intelligence techniques are able to tackle the rising food, fiber, and fuel demands of the rapidly growing population that is slated to be around 10 billion by the year 2050. This issue paper presents opportunities provided by ground and aerial robots for improved crop and animal production, and the challenges associated with their progress and adoption.
