Many children and adolescents will experience medical illnesses and conditions throughout their lifetime. However, kids who have chronic medical conditions face a unique set of challenges that may put them at risk for several mental health issues. Pediatric psychology is a subspecialty area of clinical psychology that is dedicated to applying evidence-based psychological interventions within the context of health and medical care to help children and families adjust to the psychosocial aspects of both chronic and acute illnesses. Pediatric psychologists receive specialized training in a variety of medical settings and are distinctly qualified to evaluate and treat cognitive, emotional, behavioral, and environmental factors that impact health and recovery from illness or injury. Pediatric psychologists are also qualified to treat general mental health and behavioral issues that are unrelated to a medical issue.