Spring Edition April 2025 | | |
“If you’ve never experienced the joy of accomplishing more than you can imagine, plant a garden.”
– Robert Brault
| | The Garden Gate section gives you a peek inside one of the many beautiful gardens that you can visit in Dutchess County along with other gardens throughout the lush Hudson Valley. Come with us as we explore a featured garden and all its beauty. | | Serena Starzyk, Master Gardener, Class of 2025 | | |
Locust Grove
2683 South Rd, Poughkeepsie, NY
Nestled along the scenic Hudson River, Locust Grove Gardens is a hidden gem in Dutchess County. With its lush landscapes, historic charm, and tranquil walking paths, this estate offers a serene escape for nature enthusiasts and history buffs alike.
Originally established in 1851, Locust Grove was designed as an Italianate villa surrounded by sprawling gardens. Over the years, the estate has evolved into a 200-acre nature preserve, showcasing a blend of formal gardens, native plantings, and wooded trails. The mission of Locust Grove is to preserve its rich history while providing a sanctuary for both visitors and wildlife.
Ready to immerse yourself in the beauty of Locust Grove Gardens? Plan your visit today and experience the perfect blend of history, art, and nature. Don’t forget your camera to capture the stunning views!
Must-See Highlights:
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The Historic Mansion: While not a garden feature, the mansion adds to its charm with its collection of Hudson River School paintings and antique furnishings. The vibrant 200-acre landscape includes a thriving Kitchen (vegetable) garden, multiple heirloom ornamental flower gardens, and statuesque blooming trees on a landscaped Upper Level.
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The Woodland Trails:
Perfect for a leisurely stroll, these trails wind through serene forests and offer glimpses of the Hudson River. Five miles of hiking trails on the former carriage roads wind through forest trees on the Lower Level, with an elevated view of the Hudson River below.
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The Gardens:
These meticulously maintained gardens burst with seasonal blooms, offering a vibrant display of colors and fragrances.
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Kitchen Gardens:
Provides a place to learn about produce grown on the estate for centuries.
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Some Garden History:
The original owner of the estate now known as Locust Grove in Poughkeepsie was Henry Livingston Jr., who purchased the property in 1771 and named it after the black locust trees growing there.
Samuel Morse, the inventor of the telegraph, acquired the estate in 1847. The purple wisteria can be found at the foot of the Mansion were planted around 1850 by his gardeners. This is the same plant that grows and blooms here every year.
The estate was purchased in 1901 by William and Martha Young, a wealthy couple from Poughkeepsie. Martha Young and her gardeners planted the gorgeous peonies, lilacs, and Baltimore bell roses along with the scilla siberica that carpets the lawns in the spring soon after they acquired the estate.
William Young had his gardeners plant a variety of daffodil bulbs by the carriage roads on the Lower Level. He wanted his friends to enjoy the yellow and white spring blooms as they went horseback riding and walking on the roads below. Today, Locust Grove gardeners have transplanted the daffodils you see by the Visitor's Center from those very first blooms.
Visitor Tips:
Best Time to Visit: Spring and summer are ideal for enjoying the gardens in full bloom, while fall offers a spectacular foliage display. Locust Grove gardens, grounds and hiking trails are open April 1 - December 30 every day 10am - 5pm
Accessibility: The main gardens and mansion are wheelchair accessible, but some trails may be challenging for those with mobility issues.
Events: Keep an eye out for seasonal events like guided tours, art workshops, and plant sales. Mark your calendar for the Locust Gove Spring Garden Faire on Sunday, April 27! Cornell Master Gardeners will be featured speakers and will have a table at this event.
You can find more information about Locust Grove Estate and other estate events on their official website. https://www.lgny.org/
| | In Roots of Sustainability, we explore how gardeners and communities can embrace practices that nurture the planet, inspired by Cornell Cooperative Extension's dedication to ecological balance and resilience. | | Scott Kleinberg, CCEDC Climate & Environment Educator | | |
The Value of Native Plants
Since the earliest days in U.S. history, people have been bringing plants to North America from other continents. Some plants have been purposefully imported and planted for ornamental and agricultural purposes, while others were simply introduced by accident. Plants once native to Asia and Europe have spread across New York and the United States. While this may not initially seem like much of an issue; it poses a significant problem for native plants, the animals that rely on these plants, and as result, the surrounding ecosystem. Despite their pretty names, plants like the Multiflora Rose and the Tree-of-Heaven have spread like wildfire, turning once diverse forests and greenspaces into a monolith that crowds out the plants that would provide food and shelter for our local wildlife. On the domestic side, in order to grow nonnative plants, gardeners and other growers will often need to alter the soil chemistry or introduce other elements necessary to keep these plants alive and thriving.
You can save yourself from this trouble and save the local ecosystem by planting native plants in your garden or greenspace. This also comes with its benefits. For example, plants like the Milkweed will attract lovely Monarch Butterflies, a pollinator insect whose declining population is tied to the loss of this plant. There are a surprisingly large variety of native plants, from colorful flowers to sprawling trees. You can learn more about invasive and native plants in the links below. The next time you start digging into the dirt, consider planting native plants in your garden.
Further Reading:
Learn which native flowers, trees, and shrubs you can plant in this simple and comprehensive guide written by NYSDEC’s Division of Lands and Forests: https://extapps.dec.ny.gov/docs/lands_forests_pdf/factnatives.pdf
Learn more about invasive plants on our website:https://ccedutchess.org/environment/invasive-nuisance-species/invasive-plants
We also have a large selection of native plants available at our Annual Master Gardener Plant Sale Fundraiser. To see what we have available this year, check out the 2025 Plant Sale Preview Page
| | The Green Thumb Guide is a column that offers basic seasonal gardening practices. As the frost recedes and days grow longer, it is time for backyard gardeners to roll up their sleeves and welcome the season of growth. In this issue, we will discuss key tasks for early spring to prepare gardens for a fruitful growing season. Spring is the season of fresh starts—both for your garden and you. Embrace the joy of watching your backyard transform into a lush haven. These tasks not only ensure a productive and vibrant garden but also make the experience enjoyable and rewarding as you connect with the season's energy. | | Serena Starzyk, Master Gardener, Class of 2025 | | |
Spring is here!
Early Spring Gardening Activities
Prepare Garden Beds
- Clear out debris like dead leaves and weeds that have accumulated over the winter.
- Turn and loosen the soil to improve aeration and drainage.
- Add compost or organic matter to enrich the soil for planting.
Prune Trees and Shrubs
- Trim dead or damaged branches to encourage healthy growth.
- Prune flowering shrubs like forsythia after they bloom to maintain their shape.
- Avoid pruning spring-blooming trees until after flowering.
Plant Cool-Season Crops
- Sow seeds for hardy vegetables such as peas, lettuce, spinach, and radishes.
- Consider starting crops like broccoli or cauliflower indoors for transplanting later.
Inspect and Repair Tools
- Sharpen blades on pruners, shears, and mowers.
- Clean and oil tools to prevent rust and ensure they are ready for use.
Divide and Transplant Perennials
- Divide overcrowded perennials like hostas and daylilies to promote better blooms.
- Transplant them to other parts of the garden or share them with friends.
Fertilize and Mulch
- Apply a balanced fertilizer to encourage growth as plants emerge from dormancy.
- Spread around plants to conserve moisture and suppress weeds but leave space around stems to prevent rot.
Plan for Pest Control
- Set up barriers like row covers or use natural repellents to protect young plants.
- Monitor for early signs of pests like slugs or aphids and address them promptly.
Plant Bare-Root Trees and Shrubs
- Early spring is the perfect time to plant bare-root fruit trees, roses, and shrubs before they leaf out.
- Ensure proper spacing and water thoroughly after planting.
Tidy Up Lawns
- Rake up dead grass and leaves to prevent mold or disease.
- Reseed bare patches for a lush lawn later in the season.
Set Up Rain Barrels
- Install rain barrels to collect and store water for your garden during the growing season.
Consider local Gardening Events/Resources
- Participate in nearby gardening workshops, plant sales, and community events.
- See the Gardener’s Datebook earlier in this publication for a calendar of events.
- Contact CCE Dutchess County Hotline for soil testing or gardening advice. https://ccedutchess.org/gardening/horticulture-diagnostic-lab
| | Did you know that soil contains more microorganisms in just one teaspoon than there are people on Earth? This tiny world beneath our feet is the unsung hero of any garden, brimming with life and possibility. Remember, a healthy garden starts with healthy soil. Nourish it, and it will reward you with blooms, bounty, and beauty. Spring is nature’s reset button—a chance to nurture your soil and set the stage for a bountiful garden. Invest the time now, and your soil will reward you all season long with vibrant blooms and hearty harvests. | | Serena Starzyk, Master Gardener, Class of 2025 | | |
Seasonal Gardening Focus:
For Spring Soil Preparation for Planting:
Preparing your soil in spring is crucial for a successful growing season. Spring is nature’s reset button—a chance to nurture your soil and set the stage for a bountiful garden. Invest the time now, and your soil will reward you all season long with vibrant blooms and hearty harvests.
Assess Your Soil
Winter can be tough on your soil, leaving it compacted and low on nutrients. Begin your spring gardening journey by assessing your soil's texture—loamy, sandy, or clay-based—and checking for proper drainage. A simple squeeze test can help: if your soil forms a ball when moist but crumbles under pressure, you are off to a good start!
Clean and Clear
Take a moment to clean up the garden beds. Pull out weeds by the roots to prevent regrowth and clear away any fallen leaves or plant debris. Temporarily removing mulch will give your soil a chance to warm under the spring sunshine, creating the perfect environment for planting.
Enrich Your Soil
Healthy soil is the foundation of any thriving garden. Mix in organic matter like compost or well-rotted manure to improve soil structure and fertility. If you are unsure of what your soil needs, a soil test can provide valuable insights about its pH and nutrient levels—key to choosing the right amendments.
Contact CCE Dutchess County Hotline for soil testing or gardening advice. https://ccedutchess.org/gardening/horticulture-diagnostic-lab
Loosen and Aerate the Soil
After months of dormancy, your soil might need a little help breathing again. Gently loosen compacted soil with a garden fork, being careful not to disturb the ecosystem of beneficial microbes and worms that call your soil home.
Plan Your Layout and Planting
Spring is the perfect time to strategize your planting. Rotate crops to prevent soil depletion and plan companion planting to make the most of your garden space. For example, pairing nitrogen-fixing plants like peas with nutrient-demanding crops like corn can naturally improve soil fertility.
Quick Tips for Spring Soil Prep
· Test soil pH.
· Avoid working soil when it is too wet to prevent compaction.
· Apply a layer of mulch after planting to retain moisture and suppress weeds.
| | The Gardener Spotlight column shines a light on inspiring stories, tips, and expertise from the gardening community. Behind every thriving garden is a passionate gardener with a story to tell! In this month’s Gardener Spotlight, we are thrilled to introduce you to one of CCE’s dedicated gardeners. From their early days digging in the dirt to the inspiring projects they lead today, their journey is full of insights, tips, and the joy of cultivating a greener world. Let us dig in! | | Serena Starzyk, Master Gardener, Class of 2025 | | |
Isabella Magna Yannuzzi
In this month’s Gardener Spotlight, we are thrilled to introduce you to one of Cornell Cooperative Extension’s dedicated gardeners, Isabella Magna Yannuzzi. Isabella started as the new CCEDC Agriculture/Horticulture Program Leader in March. As a Program Leader, she is responsible for providing input to local commercial growers and designing and implementing programming to address community needs. Her goal is to bring innovative, research-backed solutions to local agriculture and horticulture challenges. When speaking with Isabella it is evident that her talent combined with her passion and enthusiasm for sustainable gardening embodies the spirit of what this newsletter is all about: cultivating a greener community.
Personal Journey
Isabella grew up in Orange County and was first introduced to gardening as a young child by her father and grandmother. Her father taught her the basics of gardening and the importance of good soil. To that end, at age 5, he offered her “a penny a rock” to remove rocks from the family vegetable garden. Isabella took on this first gardening task with great enthusiasm and, much to her father’s surprise, soon earned $5 for the rock pile she had collected. She also fondly remembers planting and picking woodland strawberries with her grandmother. Isabella told me that those moments in the garden with her father and grandmother taught her that gardening isn’t just about plants; it’s about working with nature to cultivate something beautiful.
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In high school, Isabella was offered an internship at Stone Barns Center for Food and Agriculture in Tarrytown, NY. As part of her work there she foraged culinary plants for the chefs that worked at a restaurant on the property. She also collaborated with researchers by performing vegetable trials for Cornell University. It was this work blending science and creativity on the farm that led her to study plant science at Cornell. At Cornell Isabella furthered her education with in-depth research she performed in the vegetable breeding, onion pest, and ladybug laboratories. Currently, she is completing a PhD in Plant Pathology with a dissertation on optimizing the management of fire blight. In support of this dissertation, she has done extensive field research using UV light to manage fire blight in orchard trees.
Fun fact
Isabella loves collecting and examining bugs but prefers to stay her distance from large caterpillars, especially tomato hornworms.
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What is your specific area of Gardening Expertise
Most of my experience is in vegetable gardening with a focus on pest and disease management. Last year, I successfully grew over 100 tomato plants of both paste and slicing varieties in my garden in Ithaca, NY. My garden was so bountiful that I set up a small roadside farmstand to share my produce. As a gardener, I subscribe to the philosophy of “no bare soil” through planting a variety of differing plants close to each other which helps control weeds, maintains soil health and moisture. This philosophy aligns with current sustainable practices and resonates with the principles of regenerative agriculture, which aim to enhance biodiversity and soil health. By mimicking natural ecosystems, covering soil can lead to healthier plants and a more sustainable garden.
| | I have also had remarkable success in intercropping and companion planting in increasing biodiversity and pest control. For instance, I always plant basil next to each tomato plant which keeps tomato hornworm away and improves the overall flavor of the tomato. Intercropping garden designs aesthetically interspace different plant types throughout the overall garden plan making the most out of your garden space. I personally enjoy this more asymmetrical and unexpected rhythm to a garden. | | |
What is your all-time favorite plant and why?
I absolutely love Pisum sativum or pea plants. I love growing peas in my garden because they offer the excitement of an early Spring harvest. I especially love shelling and eating peas right off the vine.
Tell us about your involvement in Community Projects
While living in Ithaca, I served on the council for the West Hill Community Garden, a garden that serves a low-income community of both immigrants and retirees. As part of my work there, I helped to maintain the garden and set up a seed library for members. The seed library became a valuable resource, helping gardeners share extra seeds and gain access to new varieties. It was through this work that I witnessed first-hand the positive impact this garden had in support of this community. Witnessing how a shared space could empower a diverse community reaffirmed my commitment to making gardening accessible to everyone.
| | This month in Plant Showcase, we are putting the spotlight on Sugar Snap Peas, Snow Drops, and Daffodils, which are Spring Garden favorites. Each are as beautiful as they are rewarding to grow. | Serena Starzyk, Master Gardener, Class of 2025 |
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Sugar Snap Peas: Crisp, Sweet, and Easy to Grow (photo creidt: Johnny's Selected Seeds)
Plant Profile
Name: Sugar Snap Peas (Pisum sativum var. macrocarpon)
Appearance: Vining plants with delicate green tendrils produce crisp, green pods. Both the pods and peas inside are edible, offering a sweet, crunchy flavor.
Why Grow It
Sugar snap peas are perfect for snacking, salads, and stir-fries. They thrive in cool spring weather and reward gardeners with abundant harvests.
Growing Requirements
· Light: Full sun to partial shade.
· Soil: Well-drained, nutrient-rich soil with a slightly acidic to neutral pH (6.0–7.0).
· Water: Consistent, even moisture. Avoid overwatering to prevent root rot.
· Planting: Sow seeds directly in the garden as soon as the soil can be worked in early spring. Space seeds 2 inches apart in rows or along a trellis.
· Care Tips: Provide support with a trellis or stakes to encourage upward growth. Mulch around the base to retain moisture and suppress weeds.
Companion Plants
Sugar snap peas grow well alongside carrots, radishes, and lettuce, which share similar growing conditions and do not compete for space.
Uses and Benefits
arvest sugar snap peas when the pods are plump but still tender. They can be enjoyed raw as a snack, tossed into salads, or lightly sautéed for a delicious spring dish.
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Snowdrops: Snowdrops (Galanthus nivalis) Delicate Harbingers of Spring (Photo credit: Caroig, Wikimedia commons)
Plant Profile
Name: Snowdrops (Galanthus nivalis)
Appearance: Small, bulbous plants with slender, strap-like green leaves and delicate, drooping white flowers. Each flower has six petal-like tepals, with the inner ones marked by green.
Why Grow It
Snowdrops are among the first flowers to bloom in late winter or early spring, often peeking through snow. They symbolize hope and resilience, adding charm to any garden.
Growing Requirements
· Light: Full sun to partial shade. They thrive under deciduous trees, where they receive sunlight before the trees leaf out.
· Soil: Well-drained, loamy or sandy soil enriched with organic matter. They tolerate a range of pH levels, from acidic to alkaline.
· Water: Moderate moisture. Ensure the soil is moist but not waterlogged, especially during their growing season.
· Planting: Plant bulbs in the fall, about 3 inches deep and 3 inches apart. Choose a spot with good drainage to prevent bulb rot.
· Care Tips: Allow foliage to die back naturally after blooming to replenish the bulbs. Snowdrops naturalize well, forming beautiful colonies over time.
Companion Plants
Snowdrops pair beautifully with crocuses, winter aconites, and hellebores, creating a vibrant early spring display.
Uses and Benefits
Snowdrops are perfect for woodland gardens, borders, or naturalized areas. Their early blooms provide a vital nectar source for pollinators emerging from winter dormancy. Plus, their toxicity to pests makes them a low-maintenance choice.
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Daffodils: British Gamble, Narcissus Bulb (photo credit: Johnny's Selected Seeds)
Plant Profile
Name: Daffodil (Narcissus)
Appearance: Cheerful trumpet-shaped flowers in shades of yellow, white, and orange with green, strap-like leaves.
Why Grow It
Daffodils are hardy, low-maintenance bulbs that herald the arrival of spring. They naturalize well and deter pests like deer and rabbits.
Growing Requirements
· Light: Full sun to partial shade.
· Soil: Well-drained soil, preferably enriched with organic matter.
· Water: Water moderately after planting in the fall, then allow nature to take its course. During growth, water when the soil is dry.
· Planting: Plant bulbs in the fall, about 6 inches deep and 4–6 inches apart.
· Care Tips: After blooming, allow the foliage to yellow and die back naturally to feed the bulbs for next year.
Companion Plants
Pair daffodils with early-blooming perennials like hellebores, crocuses, or grape hyacinths for a stunning spring display.
Uses and Benefits
Daffodils are perfect for borders, containers, and naturalizing in grassy areas. Their sunny blooms brighten gardens and make lovely cut flowers for indoor arrangements.
| | The garden is bursting with fresh flavors this season—let us turn that bounty into something delicious! This column brings the garden to your table. | | Serena Starzyk, Master Gardener, Class of 2025 | | |
Seasonal Spotlight: Spring produce features the following cool-weather vegetables and herbs. By using seasonal produce, you enhance the freshness and flavor of your cooking.
• Asparagus
• Radishes
• Peas
• Lettuce varieties
• Mint, parsley, and chives.
Quick Tips for Cooking from the Garden:
Harvest your vegetables in the morning for peak freshness.
Blanch and freeze excess produce to enjoy later in the season.
Maximize the use of your garden by locating your garden near your kitchen. Grow herbs and small root veggies in containers near your porch.
Fun Culinary Fact or Technique:
Did you know? Adding a pinch of sugar enhances the natural sweetness of spring vegetables like peas and carrots!
Featured Recipes:
These recipes are fresh, easy to prepare, and perfect for celebrating spring's garden bounty!
We hope you enjoy these spring-inspired plant-based recipes. Send your favorite garden-to-gourmet creations to Dutchess Dirt Recipes, and we might feature them in this column in the future!
Mint and Pea Soup
A creamy, refreshing soup featuring peas, mint, and a hint of lemon.
Ingredients:
• 2 tablespoons olive oil
• 1 medium onion, chopped
• 3 cups fresh peas (or frozen, thawed)
• 2 cups vegetable broth
• 1/4 cup fresh mint leaves, chopped
• Juice of 1/2 lemon
• Salt and pepper to taste
Instructions:
1. Heat olive oil in a large pot over medium heat. Add the onion and sauté until translucent.
2. Add the peas and vegetable broth. Bring to a boil, then reduce heat and simmer for 10 minutes.
3. Blend the soup until smooth using a blender or an immersion blender. Stir in the mint, lemon juice, salt, and pepper.
4. Serve warm or chilled, garnished with additional mint leaves.
Radish and Herb Salad
Crunchy radishes paired with fresh greens and a tangy vinaigrette.
Ingredients:
• 1 bunch radishes, thinly sliced
• 4 cups mixed greens (arugula, spinach, etc.)
• 1/4 cup fresh herbs (parsley, chives, dill), chopped
• 2 tablespoons olive oil
• 1 tablespoon red wine vinegar
• 1 teaspoon Dijon mustard
• Salt and pepper to taste
Instructions:
1. In a large bowl, combine radishes, mixed greens, and fresh herbs.
2. In a small bowl, whisk together olive oil, red wine vinegar, Dijon mustard, salt, and pepper.
3. Drizzle the dressing over the salad and toss to combine. Serve immediately.
Asparagus Tart
A light and flaky tart topped with fresh asparagus and vegan ricotta.
Ingredients:
• 1 sheet of puff pastry, thawed
• 1/2 cup vegan ricotta or cream cheese
• 1 pound asparagus spears, trimmed
• 1 tablespoon olive oil
• Salt and pepper to taste
Instructions:
1. Preheat oven to 400°F (200°C). Roll out the puff pastry on a baking sheet.
2. Spread vegan ricotta evenly over the pastry, leaving a 1-inch border around the edges.
3. Arrange the asparagus spears on top of the ricotta. Drizzle with olive oil and season with salt and pepper.
4. Bake for 20-25 minutes or until the pastry is golden and puffed. Serve warm.
Lettuce Wraps with Spring Vegetables
A simple, low-carb dish filled with a medley of crunchy veggies.
Ingredients:
• 1 head of butter lettuce, leaves separated.
• 1 cup julienned carrots
• 1 cup julienned cucumbers (mid-summer vegetable)
• 1/2 cup snap peas, sliced.
• 1/4 cup fresh cilantro leaves
• 2 tablespoons soy sauce
• 1 tablespoon rice vinegar
• 1 teaspoon sesame oil
• 1 teaspoon grated ginger
Instructions:
1. Arrange the butter lettuce leaves on a platter.
2. In a bowl, mix the carrots, cucumbers, snap peas, and cilantro.
3. In a small bowl, whisk together soy sauce, rice vinegar, sesame oil, and grated ginger. Drizzle the dressing over the vegetables and toss to combine.
4. Spoon the vegetable mixture into the lettuce leaves. Roll or fold to eat.
| | Every garden has its fair share of unwelcome visitors. This month’s culprit? Let us investigate. | | Isabella Magna Yannuzzi, CCE Agriculture & Horticulture Program Leader | | cabbage looper caterpillar; Photo Credit: Ping Wang | | |
Pest of the Month Identification: cabbage lopper, Trichoplusia ni.
This spring’s pest of the month is the cabbage lopper, Trichoplusia ni. Caterpillars are small, green, and between 1 and 1.5 inches long, with narrow white lines, and it crawls like an inch worm. Adult moths are gray and mottled, and when their wings are folded back, they resemble tree bark.
Pest Habits and Damage
Cabbage lopper larvae feed underneath developing leaves, leaving behind small irregular holes, and in large numbers they can completely defoliate a crop through a process called leaf “skeletonization”. They are introduced to your plants when adult moths lay eggs, and each female can produce between 275 and 350 eggs each. These small green caterpillars favor early spring, frost-tolerant plants, including broccoli, rutabaga, cauliflower, cabbage, kale, peas, beets, and brussels sprouts, and are one of the first pests you will find in your garden. They are pernicious spring pests, and if not managed properly, they will also damage warmer weather plants, including tomatoes, lettuce, beets, parsley, and more.
Protection and Prevention Tips
Scouting is a must: Keep tabs on your plants, especially young seedlings as even a small amount of foliage damage can be devastating.
Row Cover: Consider covering your seedlings with a row cover to prevent adult moths from laying eggs on your plants.
Clean Your Beds: Clearing your beds prior to planting, and at the end of the season, will help prevent many pests and diseases from overwintering in debris and spreading to spring plants.
Use Plant Resistance to your Advantage: There are several plant varieties with resistance to cabbage lopper, including cabbages ‘Green Winter’, ‘Savor’, and most red cabbage varieties as cabbage loppers prefer green cultivars.
Chemical Control: There are a number of insecticides that can be used for lopper control. If you have a severe infection and are making multiple applications per season, it is important to rotate the class of insecticide you are using. Changing the mode of action of chemical applications is crucial as it reduces the likelihood of the insect population developing resistance to any one product.
Seasonal Watchlist
Aphids: Look for clusters of tiny green, black, or white insects on new growth; control them with insecticidal soap or a strong spray of water.
Slugs: Watch for ragged holes in leaves and slime trails; deter them with diatomaceous earth or beer traps.
Flea beetle: This small, shiny, oblong, black beetle loves cold-weather crops and leaves behind small “buck shot” holes in leaves. Row cover, weed control, planting timing, and chemical applications can all help with management.
Article Resources
Have a garden pest that you need identified or a plant that doesn't look so good?
Contact the Dutchess Horticulture Hotline at (845) 677-5067
Monday & Wednesday 9:00 AM to Noon or email us at dutchessmg@cornell.edu
~We would love to hear from you!
| | Buzz from the Horticulture Hotline | | Welcome to Buzz from the Horticulture Hotline, where we tackle your most pressing gardening questions and share expert tips to keep your garden thriving! This column offers insight into common garden questions and challenges from calls coming into the CCE Dutchess County Horticulture Hotline. | | |
Hotline Stats:
2024 YTD INQUIRIES (Calls, Emails & Samples): 460
2025 YTD INQUIRIES: 79
This Quarter's Hot Topics:
What's wrong with my Rhododendron?
Do you have any soil test kits available?
| | Sue Ciafrani, Master Gardener, Class of 2025 | | Above are the topics for the Hotline calls we received from the public in the early part of 2024. | |
"Ask the Master Gardener" Spotlight
Question: How do I know if my soil needs to be tested?
Answer: Testing your soil can provide valuable insights into its health and what it might need to support your plants. Testing can reveal your soil's pH, nutrient levels (like nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium), and organic matter content.
Here are some signs and reasons to consider soil testing:
Plant Health Issues
If plants in your garden are struggling to grow, appear stunted, or have discolored leaves, it might be due to nutrient deficiencies or imbalances in the soil.
pH Problems
Certain plants thrive in specific pH levels. For example, blueberries prefer acidic soil, while many vegetables prefer neutral to slightly acidic conditions. If your plants are underperforming, soil pH could be a factor.
New Gardening Space
If you are starting a garden in a new area, testing the soil gives you a baseline understanding of its fertility and composition.
Visible Issues
Compacted soil, poor drainage, or areas where water pools excessively can indicate underlying problems worth investigating.
Time Between Tests
It is a good idea to test your soil every 2–3 years, even if things seem fine, to maintain a healthy garden.
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CCEDC Horticulture Hotline & Diagnostic Lab
ph. 845-677-5067 April - Sept (Monday & Wednesday mornings 9-12)
Have a gardening question?
The Horticulture Hotline is now open for the season!
Have a garden pest that you need identified or a plant that doesn't look so good?
Contact the Dutchess Horticulture Hotline at (845) 677-5067
Monday & Wednesday 9:00 AM to Noon or email us at dutchessmg@cornell.edu
~We would love to hear from you!
We accept diagnostic samples by appointment only; call 845-677-8223 to schedule.
This will help ensure your sample will be as fresh as possible for the lab.
All samples must be paid (CASH OR CHECK ONLY) for prior to diagnosis and be accompanied by our diagnostic form.
Include as many details of the issue as you can. See CCEDC Form for all the details needed.
Photos should be included when at all possible.
Please ensure it is well-focused and shows the whole or a larger section of the plant and a close-up view of the issue.
The CCEDC Diagnostic Lab is operated by our volunteers.
During the off-season (October through March), hours are by appointment only.
Please allow up to 10 business days for response during off off-season.
We appreciate your patience and understanding as we get this up and running.
The CCEDC lab will not be open during inclement weather or when Horticulture Staff is unavailable.
For more information, including required forms and a listing of our current service fees:
CCEDC Horticulture Diagnostic Clinic
OTHER RESOURCES:
Cornell University Diagnostic Services:
Gardening Information:
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Visit the Cornell Garden Based Learning Website to learn more about vegetables, fruits, lawns, trees, shrubs, houseplants, soil, composting, and pests.
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New York State Integrated Pest Management for Communities for structural and garden pests.
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Websites for Gardeners - this link has many topics, including bees, nuisance wildlife, invasive plants, certified arborists, and weed ID.
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This month in Garden Reads, we are delving into a book that promises to broaden your perspective on gardening during climate change.
| | Serena Starzyk, Master Gardener, Class of 2025 | | |
Title: Visionary: Gardens and Landscapes for Our Future
Authors: Claire Takacs and Giacomo Guzzon
Overview
This stunning book takes readers on a global journey through more than eighty gardens that redefine the relationship between humans and nature. Photographer Claire Takacs and landscape architect Giacomo Guzzon showcase innovative designs that address pressing challenges like climate change and sustainability. From lush urban oases to sprawling naturalistic landscapes, the book highlights how gardens can be both beautiful and resilient.
Key Takeaways
· Sustainability in Action: The featured gardens demonstrate creative solutions for water conservation, biodiversity, and climate-appropriate planting.
· Global Inspiration: With gardens from the USA, UK, Europe, Asia, Australia, and New Zealand, the book offers a rich tapestry of ideas for gardeners everywhere.
· A New Vision: The authors challenge traditional garden design, encouraging readers to think about how their own spaces can contribute to a sustainable future.
Why It is Worth Reading
Visionary is more than a collection of beautiful photographs—it is a call to action for gardeners and designers to embrace innovation and sustainability. The book’s blend of artistry and practicality makes it a must-read for anyone passionate about the future of gardening.
Who Will Love This Book?
This book is perfect for garden enthusiasts, landscape architects, and anyone interested in the intersection of design and environmental stewardship. Whether you are looking for inspiration or practical ideas, Visionary offers something for everyone. If you are ready to reimagine what a garden can be, Visionary: Gardens and Landscapes for Our Future is a book you will not want to miss.
Claire and Giacomo have appeared on podcasts for garden clubs all over the world sharing images and stories behind the gardens featured in their book. Using the YouTube link below you can enjoy a sneak peek of this publication by viewing Thursday Garden Chat, a public service broadcast hosted by Dr. Noel Kingsbury and Annie Guilfoyle out of the UK.
Explore the future of sustainable gardening with
"Visionary": Gardens and Landscapes for Our Future
| | Have a favorite gardening book or publication? Share it with us, and it might be featured in a future column! | | |
Last month’s Vegetable Gardening for Beginners Workshop – Class One at the Pleasant Valley Library brought together twenty-nine enthusiastic participants who learned about basic garden planning and watched firsthand demonstrations of seed starting and germination tests! All attendees brought home seed packets to kick off the gardening season.
This past Monday night, Vegetable Gardening for Beginners - Class Two was another huge success, with 30 participants from local communities. Attendees brought home seed packets and Kale transplants ready for planting.
| | In March, Master Gardeners participated in a Pruning Workshop at Orchard Hill Park in Poughkeepsie. Their participation enabled them to deliver essential maintenance of the many peach and apple trees throughout the property that makes this park and its long history with the community so special. Thank you to Dan Donahue, CCE Eastern NY Commercial Horticulture, Tree Fruit Specialist, for his instruction on basic pruning techniques, and Isabella Yannuzzi, CCE Agriculture & Horticulture Program Leader, for her identification of tree diseases and additional maintenance tips through pruning. | | In March, A Master Gardener volunteer presentation sponsored by Freedom Plains United Presbyterian Church gathered nineteen participants to learn about Spongy Moths. | | |
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Would you like information on an upcoming gardening event to be shared in this newsletter? Email us
Please include the date, time, location, a short description, cost, and contact information for more details.
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Dutchess County Soil and Water Conservation District
Seedling Sale is going on now!
https://dutchessswcd.org/seedling-sale/
Our spring bare-root seedling sale includes deciduous and coniferous trees, shrubs, and other plants as well as wildflower seed and wildlife boxes.
Check out our Bare Root Planting Guide
All of our informational handouts are available online here.
All orders MUST BE PICKED UP at our location on the dates specified.
DCSWCD Is NOT RESPONSIBLE for ORDERS NOT picked up on the designated pickup dates or for the fitness of seedlings after they are picked up. Further, we are NOT LIABLE for any direct damage incurred due to improper handling after pickup dates. These seedlings are for conservation purposes only.
All orders are first come first served, so order early to guarantee your order! Supplies are limited!
Thank you all for your support!
The plants and resources sold in our seedling sale helps address the following concerns in our yards:
- Increase Native Plant Species
- Create Natural Windbreaks
- Provide Wildlife Shelter
- Provide Food for Wildlife
- Stabilize Areas at Risk for Erosion.
- Create a Natural Screen
- Increase Habitat by Installing Wildlife Houses
Plant Information
We offer a variety of seedling types including:
Evergreens/Conifers
Deciduous Shrubs
Deciduous Trees
Ground Cover
Edible Berries and Nuts
Ferns
Habitat Variety Packs
Dutchess County Soil and Water Conservation District
Farm & Home Center 2715 Route 44, Suite 3, Millbrook, NY 12545
Phone: (845) 677 8011 ext: 3
Email: admin@dutchessswcd.org
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You are the reason that our organization has been able to play a pivotal role in community and economic development in Dutchess County for over 100 years. Your continued participation and support of CCEDC has made direct impact this year.
Together, we can lay the foundation for a successful year ahead, ensuring the lasting impact of our programs and our ability to navigate challenges while seizing new opportunities.
Will you join us now in making this happen?
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Websites mentioned in Dutchess Dirt are provided as a courtesy to our readers. Mention of these websites does not imply endorsement by Cornell University, Cornell Cooperative Extension or by the author.
Cornell Cooperative Extension is an employer and educator recognized for valuing AA/EEO, Protected Veterans, and Individuals with Disabilities and provides equal program and employment opportunities.
The programs provided by this agency are partially funded by monies received from the County of Dutchess.
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