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The Hidden Impacts of AI on Resources
Roughly 1,500 AI text summarizations consume as much energy as fully charging a Tesla electric car. (Dr. VJ Gapali, Chief Technology Officer at Radium Cloud and Senior Staff member at MIT's Lincoln Laboratory.)
AI Energy Demands: ChatGPT processes over a billion words a day, consuming enough energy to power 10,000 American homes for a year.
Experts from the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory estimate that “by 2028, AI will consume as much electricity annually as 22% of all US households” (O’Donnell and Crownhart, 2025).
“Training one large ML model, such as Meena, is equivalent to 242,231 miles driven by an average passenger vehicle as far as carbon emissions” (Wu et al., 2022, p.2).
Water Cooling: “The global AI demand is projected to account for 4.2– 6.6 billion cubic meters of water withdrawal in 2027, which is more than the total annual water withdrawal of four to six Demarks or half of the United Kingdom” (Li et al., 2025, p.1). For example a session of questions and answers with GPT-3 (roughly 10 to 50 responses) drives the consumption of a half-liter of fresh water” (Berreby, 2025).
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