Resistance-breaking Root-Knot Nematodes are Out There - Be Prepared
Field notes from recent work, led by Patricia Lazicki:
Assume resistance is broken. Mi-gene varieties continue to support nematode reproduction. This reinforces prior CTRI-funded and UC work showing resistance-breaking strains are widespread.
Nematodes make Fusarium worse. Combined infections increased disease severity and reduced plant growth, even in Fusarium-resistant varieties. Co-management matters.
Variety choice won’t save you. Differences among Mi-gene cultivars were inconsistent and isolate-dependent. Field outcomes are driven more by the nematode population than the tomato.
Non-fumigant tools can reduce losses, with context. Multiple non-fumigant nematicides have shown value in different situations. In a 2025 Dixon field trial, Salibro increased yields by ~11 t/a, likely by delaying symptom onset. Other materials in this class have shown benefits under different pressures and timings, reinforcing that product choice should be matched to field history and the overall pest complex, not viewed as interchangeable or universally effective.
Bottom line:
Expect resistance-breaking RKN in many fields. Manage nematodes and Fusarium together where they overlap, match nematicide tools to pressure and timing, and leverage sanitation programs for use across challenges (broomrape/fusarium/nematode).
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