Livonia 1835 to 1950: A Tale of Seven Villages
Marlene Katafias has pulled together a brief overview of how Livonia made the transition from a Township founded in 1835 to a city in 1950.
Musings over the next week will share this story of the Livonia Seven Villages as we move into the Love Livonia month celebrating our 75th year as a City.
As we enter the second month of celebrating our Livonia 75 Musings wants to share with our readers a part of our hometown history realizing that The Present is the Past.
Potawatomi Indians originally inhabited the area that is now Livonia. Rich soil and abundant harvests had first attracted pioneers from New England and New York to this area. They brought a new way of life and perhaps the very name "Livonia" - the name of a town in New York State, Pennsylvania State, and a region of the Baltic Sea comprising present-day Estonia and Latvia.
After the Indian Treaty of 1807, settlers came from New York to Michigan and settled in Detroit. Once the Erie Canal opened in 1825 more families came West to Michigan, eventually moving West of Detroit and bringing the name Livonia with them.
As these families and groups settled in Livonia, they created small settlements called villages. There were eventually enough settlers in Livonia to establish a township. In 1835, by the territorial legislature, Livonia officially became a township. By this time Livonia was a growing farm community with each village having its own school, post office, church, blacksmith, and general stores.
The Village of Newburg, established around 1819, was located at what is now Newburgh and Ann Arbor Trail. It was one of the largest villages situated completely within Livonia. Newburg grew rapidly as Ann Arbor Trail became a main route into the interior of the State. A hotel provided lodging and meals for stagecoach passengers traveling from Detroit to Ann Arbor. There were several stores, a school that was built in 1831, and even a cemetery. During its history, there was also a sawmill, a gristmill, and a cider mill.
The population of Newburg reached approximately 300 residents around the time of the Civil War but declined after that to about 150 by 1890. The D.L.& N Railroad put an end to the stagecoach on Ann Arbor Trail. Even with the declining population, Newburg remained an active community and saw a resurgence when Henry Ford built the Village Industries on the Rouge. With the building of the dam to make Newburg Lake, the Village of Newburg stayed active and prosperous until it disappeared with the incorporation of Livonia.
Some of the historic buildings are now preserved at Greenmead Historical Park, displayed as an example of an old-time Livonia village.
(Part two on Wednesday will take a look at the Village of Clarenceville, Village of Livonia Center, and the Village of Schwartzburg)
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