Companions and Animals for Reform and Equity Inc. (CARE) and Harvard University’s Project Implicit surveyed about 1,700 people working in companion animal welfare to assess racial and socioeconomic attitudes. The sample was 84% white, 84% female, and 86% non-Hispanic.

Using the Implicit Association Test (IAT), they measured the strength of associations between concepts (e.g., Black people, rich people) and evaluations (e.g., good, bad). They found a moderate to strong implicit preference for adoptions by white people over Black and Hispanic people, as well as a preference for wealthy individuals versus poor individuals. These results were in contrast to self-reports, which showed the opposite preferences and pointed to the work needed to uncover our unconscious biases.