IMBeR IPO-China 信息速递 Your news from the Integrated Marine Biosphere Research International Project Office - China

April 2022, No. 23

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In This Issue Cover News -Call for Papers: DSR-II Special Issue on IMBeR West Pacific Symposium ----------------------------- Editor Picks -New Publications ----------------------------- IMBeR and Its Sponsors Announcements -Call for SCOR Working Groups -Future Earth Survey -Future Earth Early-Career Fellowship -IMBeR ClimEco8 Summer School Postponed ----------------------------- Events, Webinars and Conferences ----------------------------- Jobs and Opportunities Quick Link IMBeR Homepage IPO-China IMBeR-related Meeting Calender IMBeR Youku Channel Follow Wechat IMBeR IPO - China is fully sponsored by ECNU and SKLEC Editors: GiHoon HONG, Kai QIN and Fang ZUO from IMBeR IPO Academic adviser: Shan JIANG from SKLEC, ECNU

生物间相互作用对滨海湿地碳循环的影响 Biota-mediated Carbon Cycling—A Synthesis of Biotic-interaction Controls on Blue Carbon 作者： Linjing Ren, Kai Jensen, Philipp Porada, and Peter Mueller 期刊：Ecology Letters 一个多世纪以来，生物相互作用的研究一直是生态学的核心主题。尽管生物群在全球碳循环中发挥着显著的作用，但关于生物相互作用对碳库和碳通量的影响却较少被关注。本研究针对蓝碳生态系统，即植被丰富的滨海湿地生态系统，主要包括红树林、盐沼和海草床。通过文献综述和Meta分析，研究证明了生物间相互作用在调节滨海湿地碳循环方面的重要性。植物-动物-微生物之间互惠、竞争和资源消费等相互作用对各种空间尺度，例如根际尺度、生态系统尺度及景观尺度上的碳循环均产生了强烈的影响。此外，研究发现对气候变化敏感的非生物因素调节了生物相互作用对碳通量的影响强度，表明生物群介导的碳循环的重要性将在未来气候条件下发生一定改变。生物间相互作用对碳循环的强烈影响意味着生物圈-气候反馈在当前的地球系统模型中可能没有得到充分的体现。因此，在这些模型中纳入新的官能团以及简化物种间相互作用的新方法，可以改善关于生物影响全球气候的预测。 点击阅览文章全文 Figure 1: Biotic interactions driving carbon cycling in blue carbon ecosystems at the rhizosphere and ecosystem scale (image by courtesy of UHH/Wohlfahrt) Research into biotic interactions has been a core theme of ecology for over a century. However, despite the obvious role that biota play in the global carbon cycle, the effects of biotic interactions on carbon pools and fluxes are poorly understood. Here we develop a conceptual framework that illustrates the importance of biotic interactions in regulating carbon cycling based on a literature review and a quantitative synthesis by means of meta-analysis. Our study focuses on blue carbon ecosystems—vegetated coastal ecosystems that function as the most effective long-term CO2 sinks of the biosphere. We demonstrate that a multitude of mutualistic, competitive and consumer–resource interactions between plants, animals and microbiota exert strong effects on carbon cycling across various spatial scales ranging from the rhizosphere to the landscape scale. Climate change-sensitive abiotic factors modulate the strength of biotic-interaction effects on carbon fluxes, suggesting that the importance of biota-mediated carbon cycling will change under future climatic conditions. Strong effects of biotic interactions on carbon cycling imply that biosphere-climate feedbacks may not be sufficiently represented in current Earth system models. Inclusion of new functional groups in these models, and new approaches to simplify species interactions, may thus improve the predictions of biotic effects on the global climate. Click to read the full paper Source-https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/m8EG_VJ8Bh1f1mtN8V9b1A

与主要西边界流相关的隐藏上升流系统 Hidden Upwelling Systems Associated With Major Western Boundary Currents

作者：Fanglou Liao, Xinfeng Liang, Yun Li, and Michael Spall 期刊：Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 本研究表明，全球海洋主要的西边界流（WBCs）存在强烈的上升流系统。与其他著名的海洋上升流系统（例如赤道、沿岸上升流）相比，这些作为全球海洋环流重要分支的WBC上升流系统在文献中基本上没有得到认识。这种强烈的上升流及其在亚热带海盆的翻转环流，可以将营养盐、碳和热量输送到海洋内部，从而成为影响海洋生物、化学和物理过程，进而影响气候系统的一条重要但尚未探索的路径。本研究呼吁对WBC上升流的动力学及其在海洋和气候系统中的作用进行更多研究。 点击阅览文章全文

Figure 2: Time-averaged vertical velocity w (color) and horizontal velocity (contour lines, unit: cm/s) in selected cross sections from Estimating the Circulation and Climate of the Ocean. The other datasets show similar spatial patterns (Figures S3–S8 in Supporting Information S1). The cross sections are marked with thick black lines in Figure 1a. (a) Kuroshio. (b) Gulf Stream. (c) Agulhas Current. (d) East Australian Current. (e) Brazil Current. (f) Peruvian upwelling. The contour lines show the horizontal velocity (cm/s) perpendicular to the cross sections, indicative of the strength of adjacent western boundary currents. Note that the depth axis is stretched for better visualization.

This study shows that intense upwelling systems exist along the major western boundary currents (WBCs) around the global ocean. In contrast to other well-known oceanic upwelling systems (e.g., equatorial, coastal upwelling), these WBC upwelling systems, which are essential branches of the global ocean circulation, have been largely unrecognized in the literature. This intense upwelling and the associated overturning circulation in the subtropical ocean basins can transport nutrients, carbon, and heat inside the ocean, and consequently act as an important yet unexplored route through which the oceanic biological, chemical, and physical processes, and consequently the climate system, will be affected. This study calls for more research into the dynamics of the WBC upwelling and its role in the ocean and climate systems. Click to read the full paper

基于自然混合的水体光吸收系数反演近海浮游植物的类群组成 Light Absorption Spectra of Naturally Mixed Phytoplankton Assemblages for Retrieval of Phytoplankton Group Composition in Coastal Oceans

作者：Xuerong Sun, Fang Shen, Robert J.W. Brewin, Mengyu Li, and Qing Zhu 期刊：Limnology and Oceanography 近岸海域浮游植物类群丰富、多样性程度高。鉴于不同浮游植物类群具有不同的色素特征，这些色素特征转而影响浮游植物的吸收光谱，基于吸收光谱的方法有可能应用于区分浮游植物类群。本研究利用2015年至2018年在中国海水域采集的原位表面观测并发HPLC（高效液相色谱）色素和浮游植物吸收光谱大数据集，结合化学分类学分析（CHEMTAX）方法获得了原位浮游植物类群组成信息。通过对浮游植物吸收光谱和CHEMTAX结果的线性可加性原理，重建了八类浮游植物类群的叶绿素特异性吸收光谱信息，包括青绿藻、甲藻、隐藻、绿藻、蓝藻、硅藻、金藻和定鞭金藻。这些叶绿素特异性吸收光谱随后被用作基于光谱的反演模型的输入，用于从浮游植物吸收系数中估计浮游植物类群的组成。从相关性分析和HCA（层次聚类分析）分析中得出的最佳波段选择和浮游植物类群组成的初始猜测被纳入模型反演，以提高模型反演精度。基于独立验证数据集的验证结果显示了除金藻外的七类浮游植物类群的叶绿素a（Chl-a）浓度的准确估计（0.371 ≤ r ≤ 0.721, p < 0.05）。结果表明，基于吸收光谱的方法能够定量地识别浮游植物类群的组成，这对通过高光谱平台和卫星反演浮游植物类群的叶绿素a浓度具有重要意义。 点击阅览文章全文

Figure 3: Chlorophyll-specific absorption coefficients of eight phytoplankton groups derived from the matrix inversion, based on the training dataset (N = 256). Solid lines and lighter shades represent the mean value and the standard deviation of the results from 22 groups, respectively.

Phytoplankton group composition is complex and highly variable in coastal waters. Given that different taxonomic groups have different pigment signatures, which in turn impact the light absorption spectra of phytoplankton, the absorption spectral-based approach has the potential for distinguishing phytoplankton groups. Using a large dataset of in situ surface observations of concurrent HPLC (high-performance liquid chromatography) pigments and phytoplankton absorption spectra collected from 2015 to 2018 in Chinese coastal oceans, in situ phytoplankton group composition was obtained from chemotaxonomic analysis (CHEMTAX). By using the linear additive principle on phytoplankton absorption spectra and CHEMTAX results, the chlorophyll-specific absorption spectra of eight phytoplankton groups were reconstructed, including prasinophytes, dinoflagellates, cryptophytes, chlorophytes, cyanobacteria, diatoms, chrysophytes, and prymnesiophytes. These chlorophyll-specific absorption spectra were subsequently used as inputs to a spectral-based inversion model for estimating phytoplankton group composition from the phytoplankton absorption coefficient. The optimal band selection and initial guesses of the phytoplankton group composition, derived from correlation and HCA (hierarchical cluster analysis) analyses, were included in the model inversion to improve the accuracy of retrievals. The performance of the proposed model was validated using an independent dataset, showing accurate estimates of chlorophyll a (Chl a) concentrations for seven phytoplankton groups (0.371 ≤ r ≤ 0.721, p < 0.05), apart from chrysophytes. Our results suggest that the absorption spectral-based approach is able to discriminate phytoplankton group composition quantitatively, which has implications for retrieving Chl a concentrations of phytoplankton groups from hyperspectral platforms and satellites. Click to read the full paper

羊毛海绵 (Hippospongia lachne) 的生长和相关特性：实践和理论考虑 Growth and Related Traits of the Sheepswool Sponge (Hippospongia lachne): Practical and Theoretical Considerations

作者：Daniel Pauly, Nicola Smith, and Mark Butler 期刊：Fishery Bulletin 加勒比海海绵物种的捕捞业始于19世纪中期，并在20世纪初达到顶峰，后来由于过度捕捞、疾病、飓风以及人造海绵的引进而崩溃。尽管如此，小型手工海绵渔场仍然存在于佛罗里达和巴哈马等加勒比地区，但这些渔场所依赖的海绵都没有得到充分的研究。基于J. Storr在1964年发表的数据和信息以及作者的数据，对最具商业价值的加勒比海海绵、羊绒海绵或羊毛海绵 (Hippospongia lachne) 相关的统计数据，尤其是寿命，进行了von Bertalanffy生长方程参数估计。此外，还提出了可能限制该海绵和其他近球形海绵物种深层氧气供应的形态维度约束，以及海绵对这些约束的进化和个体发育反应。这些考虑也用羊毛海绵以外的其他物种的数据加以说明，并且与水呼吸恒温动物的一般生长理论，即鳃氧限制理论相一致。本文提供的信息应有助于量化佛罗里达、巴哈马和其他地方海绵渔业的生态系统影响，并有助于改善全球海绵渔业和海水养殖的管理。 点击阅览文章全文

Figure 4: Images of a sheepswool sponge or wool sponge (Hippospongia lachne) that was 18 cm in diameter and was collected in Florida by M. Butler on 18 September 2021 and photographed by J. Butler: (A) shown in the wild in the Florida Keys; (B) side view, taken in the laboratory; (C) top view, taken in the laboratory; and (D) inside of the specimen, after horizontal sectioning in the laboratory.

Fisheries for Caribbean sponge species began in the mid-1800s and landings peaked around the early 1900s before crashing because of a combination of overexploitation, disease, and hurricanes as well as, later, the introduction of artificial sponges. Still, artisanal sponge fisheries remain in Florida and areas of the Caribbean like The Bahamas, but none of those fisheries or the sponges upon which they depend are well studied. On the basis of data and information published by J. Storr in 1964 as well as of our own data, von Bertalanffy growth parameters were estimated for the most commercially valuable Caribbean sponge, the sheepswool sponge or wool sponge (Hippospongia lachne), along with related statistics, notably longevity. Also, morphological dimensional constraints that are likely to limit the supply of oxygen deep within this and other near-spherical sponge species are presented, along with the sponges’ evolutionary and ontogenic responses to these constraints. These considerations are also illustrated with data from species other than the wool sponge and are consistent with a general theory of growth for water-breathing ectotherms, the gill-oxygen limitation theory. The information provided herein should be useful for quantifying the ecosystem effect of sponge fisheries in Florida, The Bahamas, and elsewhere and for improving the management of sponge fisheries and mariculture worldwide. Click to read the full paper Other relative publication: Ilimaquinone（海洋海绵代谢物）作为SARS-CoV-2关键靶蛋白的新型抑制剂与COVID-19建议药物的比较：设计、对接和分子动力学模拟研究 Surti Malvi, et al. Ilimaquinone (marine sponge metabolite) as a novel inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 key target proteins in comparison with suggested COVID-19 drugs: designing, docking and molecular dynamics simulation study. RSC Advances, 2020; 10(62):37707-20. https://doi.org/10.1039/D0RA06379G 硅质深海海绵Monorhaphis chuni：古动物中潜在的古气候档案 Klaus Peter Jochum, et al. Siliceous deep-sea sponge Monorhaphis chuni: A potential paleoclimate archive in ancient animals. Chemical Geology, 2012; 300:143-51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2012.01.009

大量产卵鱼类聚集而产生的强烈的海洋上层混合研究 Intense Upper Ocean Mixing Due to Large Aggregations of Spawning Fish

作者：Bieito Fernández Castro, Marian Peña, Enrique Nogueira, Miguel Gilcoto, Esperanza Broullón, Antonio Comesaña, Damien Bouffard, Alberto C. Naveira Garabato, and Beatriz Mouriño-Carballido 期刊：Nature Geoscience 小尺度湍流混合在形成海洋环流和广泛的物理和生物地球化学过程中发挥着关键作用。尽管我们对造成这种混合的地球物理过程的理解取得了进展，但生物混合（由海洋生物群引起的湍流混合）的性质和重要性仍然存在争议。不确定性的一个主要来源与生物混合的效率（游泳产生的湍流能量中用于海洋垂向混合的部分）有关，少数的现场观测表明，它远低于地球物理湍流的效率。本研究通过分析一个沿海上升流区域连续14天厘米尺度湍流的测量来阐明这个问题。作者表明，调查期间，由于在产卵季节定期聚集的大量凤尾鱼的游泳活动，湍流耗散量每天晚上都会增加10-100倍（达到10-6-10-5 W kg-1）。湍流混合与耗散同时发生，其效率与地球物理湍流相当。研究结果表明，生物驱动的湍流可以成为一种高效的混合剂，并呼吁重新审视其对海洋上层生产力区域的影响。 点击阅览文章全文

Figure 5: Hydrography, turbulence and mixing during the REMEDIOS survey. a–f, Time series of local wind speed (W) and direction measured at Cape Udra (Extended Data Fig. 1) (a), hourly mean T (b), ε (c), turbulent heat diffusivity (d), gradient Richardson number (e) and volume backscattering strength at 38 kHz (Sv) (f) during I01, I02 and I03. Grey shading indicates night-time periods of enhanced biophysical turbulence. These periods were determined by inspection of the turbulent dissipation rate and volume backscattering strength records. The time axis is GMT (local time = GMT + 2 h). Note the use of logarithmic colour scales in c and d.

Small-scale turbulent mixing plays a pivotal role in shaping ocean circulation and a broad range of physical and biogeochemical processes. Despite advances in our understanding of the geophysical processes responsible for this mixing, the nature and importance of biomixing—turbulent mixing caused by marine biota—are still debated. A major source of uncertainty pertains to the efficiency of biomixing (the fraction of the turbulent energy produced through swimming that is spent in mixing the ocean vertically), which the few in situ observations available suggest to be much lower than that of geophysical turbulence. Here we shed light on this problem by analysing 14 days of continuous measurements of centimetre-scale turbulence in an area of coastal upwelling. We show that turbulent dissipation is elevated 10- to 100-fold (reaching 10−6–10−5 W kg−1) every night of the survey due to the swimming activity of large aggregations of anchovies that gather regularly over the spawning season. Turbulent mixing is invigorated concurrently with dissipation, and occurs with an efficiency comparable to that of geophysical turbulence. Our results demonstrate that biologically driven turbulence can be a highly effective mixing agent, and call for a re-examination of its impacts on productive upper ocean regions. Click to read the full paper

陆地生态系统中氮可用性下降的证据、原因和后果 Evidence, Causes, and Consequences of Declining Nitrogen Availability in Terrestrial Ecosystems

作者： Rachel E Mason, Joseph M Craine, Nina K Lany, Mathieu Jonard, Scott V Ollinger, Peter M Groffman, Robinson W Fulweiler, Jay Angerer, Quentin D Read, Peter B Reich, Pamela H Templer, and Andrew J Elmore 期刊：Science 氮(N)的可用性是生态系统功能的关键，也是营养物和能量在生物圈循环的关键。在过去的一个世纪里，人类工业和农业活动使全球活性氮供应量增加了一倍多。然而，长期记录表明，在世界许多地区，氮的有效性正在下降。活性氮的输入并不是均匀分布的，全球变化，包括大气二氧化碳（CO2）水平升高和温度升高，正在影响生态系统氮的供应相对于需求。氮有效性的下降限制了初级生产力，导致叶片氮浓度降低，并降低了许多生态系统中食草动物食物的质量。本研究概述了关于氮肥利用率下降的知识现状，并提出了旨在描述和应对这一新挑战的措施。 点击阅览文章全文

Figure 6: Evidence of declining N availability comes from long-term global and regional studies. A global foliar δ15N compilation (A) demonstrates a decrease in ecosystem N availability since 1980, whereas tree ring and lake sediment δ15N datasets (B and C) from the continental US to the Arctic reveal large-scale declines dating back to at least the early 20th century. Few plant [N] time series cover large temporal and geographic extents. However, statistically significant declines are observed in a global foliar [N] compilation dating back to 1980 (D), as well as in long-term records of foliar [N] from a central US grassland (E) and pollen [N] from the US and southern Canada (F). Data and fits adapted from original publications (12, 13, 15, 16, 22); (C) shows the 25 datasets in (15) offset to a common mean. Fits (if any) are as presented in the original papers; all declining trends are significant at the P < 0.05 level. Gray points denote individual measurements; black points indicate annual or decadal mean values.

The productivity of ecosystems and their capacity to support life depends on access to reactive nitrogen (N). Over the past century, humans have more than doubled the global supply of reactive N through industrial and agricultural activities. However, long-term records demonstrate that N availability is declining in many regions of the world. Reactive N inputs are not evenly distributed, and global changes—including elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) levels and rising temperatures—are affecting ecosystem N supply relative to demand. Declining N availability is constraining primary productivity, contributing to lower leaf N concentrations, and reducing the quality of herbivore diets in many ecosystems. We outline the current state of knowledge about declining N availability and propose actions aimed at characterizing and responding to this emerging challenge. Click to read the full paper Source - https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/8qw9CAll-Wdee8YETkO9Kg

从环境DNA（eDNA）宏条形码的角度看待 珊瑚礁鱼类生物多样性的跨洋模式和过程 Cross-ocean Patterns and Processes in Fish Biodiversity on Coral Reefs Through the Lens of eDNA Metabarcoding

作者： Laetitia Mathon, Virginie Marques, David Mouillot, Camille Albouy, Marco Andrello, Florian Baletaud, Giomar H. Borrero-Pérez, Tony Dejean, Graham J. Edgar, Jonathan Grondin, Pierre-Edouard Guerin, Régis Hocdé, Jean-Baptiste Juhel, Kadarusman, Eva Maire, Gael Mariani, Matthew McLean, Andrea Polanco F., Laurent Pouyaud, Rick D. Stuart-Smith, Hagi Yulia Sugeha, Alice Valentini, Laurent Vigliola, Indra B. Vimono, Loïc Pellissier, and Stéphanie Manel 期刊：Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences  全球变化的速度和幅度越来越大，威胁着世界的生物多样性，尤其是珊瑚礁鱼类。更好地了解珊瑚礁的大规模模式和过程对于防止鱼类生物多样性下降至关重要，但这需要新的监测方法。本文使用环境 DNA 宏条形码来重建众所周知的珊瑚礁鱼类生物多样性模式，并揭示这些高度多样化和受威胁的生态系统中隐藏的模式。作者分析了来自五个热带地区（加勒比海、中太平洋和西南太平洋、珊瑚礁三角区和西印度洋）100 个站点的 226 份环境 DNA（eDNA）海水样本，并将这些样本与来自 1224 个站点的2047份珊瑚礁生命调查（Reef Life Survey）水下可视普查数据进行了比较。与水下可视监测结果相比，环境 DNA 揭示了更高的（16%）鱼类生物多样性，具有 2650 个分类群，以及高于水下可视监测25%的科。通过识别更多的浮游、珊瑚礁相关和隐蔽的底栖物种，eDNA 为跨空间尺度的组配规则提供了全新的视角。尽管如此，珊瑚礁生命调查在 47 个共享科中发现了比 eDNA 更多的物种，这可能是由于对某些物种的序列分配不完整，可能结合了环境中的不完整检测。将 eDNA 宏条形码和广泛的视觉普查相结合，为最丰富的海洋生态系统的空间组织提供了新的见解。 点击阅览文章全文

Figure 7: Partial dbRDA of MOTU proportions of each family in each site. (a) dbRDA on eDNA dataset, with 133 families in 26 sites (R2= 0.21,F= 3.11,p= 0.001).(b) Families with scores greater than 95% of scores distribution on each axis for eDNA. (c) dbRDA on a subset of visual census dataset to select only the sites in thesame regions as in the eDNA dataset, with 76 families in 68 sites (R2= 0.5,F= 15.8,p= 0.001). (d) Families with scores greater than 95% of scores distribution oneach axis for visual census. Axis labels indicate the percentage of variance explained by the 2 first dbRDA dimensions (CAP1 and CAP2).

Increasing speed and magnitude of global change threaten the world's biodiversity and particularly coral reef fishes. A better understanding of large-scale patterns and processes on coral reefs is essential to prevent fish biodiversity decline but it requires new monitoring approaches. Here, we use environmental DNA metabarcoding to reconstruct well-known patterns of fish biodiversity on coral reefs and uncover hidden patterns on these highly diverse and threatened ecosystems. We analysed 226 environmental DNA (eDNA) seawater samples from 100 stations in five tropical regions (Caribbean, Central and Southwest Pacific, Coral Triangle and Western Indian Ocean) and compared those to 2047 underwater visual censuses from the Reef Life Survey in 1224 stations. Environmental DNA reveals a higher (16%) fish biodiversity, with 2650 taxa, and 25% more families than underwater visual surveys. By identifying more pelagic, reef-associated and crypto-benthic species, eDNA offers a fresh view on assembly rules across spatial scales. Nevertheless, the reef life survey identified more species than eDNA in 47 shared families, which can be due to incomplete sequence assignment, possibly combined with incomplete detection in the environment, for some species. Combining eDNA metabarcoding and extensive visual census offers novel insights on the spatial organization of the richest marine ecosystems. Click to read the full paper

在中国北方富营养化海湾的大型海草草甸中， 成年大叶藻的幼芽是否决定了幼苗的命运？ Do Adult Eelgrass Shoots Rule Seedling Fate in a Large Seagrass Meadow in a Eutrophic Bay in Northern China?

作者： Shaochun Xu, Shuai Xu, Yi Zhou, Shidong Yue, Xiaomei Zhang, Ruiting Gu, Yu Zhang, Yongliang Qiao, Mingjie Liu, Yunling Zhang, and Zhenhai Zhang 期刊：Marine Pollution Bulletin 作者在中国北方富营养化海湾的大型海草草甸进行了为期19个月的野外采样，调查了大叶藻的种群繁殖状况和生态相互作用。结果表明，无性生长在维持现有草甸方面发挥了重要作用，而有性生殖在新草甸的定殖中发挥了关键作用。作者总结，在大型海草草甸中，成年大叶藻的幼芽决定着幼苗的命运。此外，该地区的营养资源（氮和磷）可以满足大叶藻的生长需求。根据海草Redfield比值（25-30），富营养化海湾海水和海草的氮/磷比值显示了氮相对于磷的局限性。海草对营养盐的吸收可能是降低研究区赤潮发生概率的重要因素。这项研究为大叶藻的恢复与保护提供了基础资料。 点击阅览文章全文

Figure 8: Seasonal variability of Zostera marina sexual and asexual reproduction in the largest eelgrass meadow in Bohai Bay, northern China. Asexual growth (branching) principally occurred in autumn, with vegetative shoot density increasing more than four times, playing an important role in the maintenance of existing meadows. Seed germination occurred from early April, but no seedlings were observed to successfully colonized in vegetated areas (VA). However, a considerable number of seedlings, with a density of about 110 shoots m−2, survived in the eelgrass meadow gaps (GA) in June 2019 when no seedlings were observed in vegetated areas, thus, indicating that sexual reproduction plays a critical role in the colonization of new areas.

We conducted field sampling over 19 months to investigate eelgrass population reproduction status and ecological interactions in a large seagrass meadow in a eutrophic bay in northern China. The results showed asexual growth played an important role in the maintenance of existing meadows, and sexual reproduction played a critical role in the colonization of new areas. We conclude that adult eelgrass shoots do rule the fate of seedlings in the large seagrass meadow. Additionally, nutrient resources (N and P) at this location were found to meet eelgrass growth demand. The N/P ratios of seawater and seagrass indicated N limitation relative to P in the eutrophic bay based on the seagrass Redfield ratio (25-30). Nutrient uptake by seagrass might be an important factor in reducing the probability of a red tide in the study area. The results of this study provide fundamental information for eelgrass restoration and conservation. Click to read the full paper

声明：本版块为尝试性栏目，旨在传播分享最新科研动态。中文翻译仅供参考，中英文若有不符之处，请以英文为准。如有不妥之处，请联系 imber@ecnu.edu.cn 进行订正或要求撤稿。 Disclaimer: This column is a new trial to share cutting-edge research with wider academic community. The Chinese is not an official translation, while the English is invoked from original publication. If there is anything inappropriate, please contact imber@ecnu.edu.cn to correct us or request for a retraction.

IMBeR及其资助部门资讯 IMBeR and Its Sponsors Announcements

国际海洋研究委员会（SCOR）征集2022年工作组提案，截止日期延长至 5月14日 Deadline Extension 2022 Call for SCOR Working Groups. Now due 14 May

未来地球（Future Earth）调查问卷：未来地球及其研究网络有何独特之处，可以在2030年前实现可持续发展的大规模转型？请于 5月1日 前填写 Future Earth Survey, What’s Unique About Future Earth and Its Research Networks That Can Enable Transformations for Sustainability at Scale by 2030? Fill by 1 May 未来地球（Future Earth）青年学者奖学金，请于 5月15日 前申请 Future Earth Early-Career Fellowship. Appy by 15 May

由于持续的旅行限制，为确保学员充分受益于暑期学校体验，第八届IMBeR ClimEco暑期班将推迟至2023年举行 Due to ongoing travel restrictions, it has been decided to postpone the ClimEco8 summer school until 2023 to ensure that the participants get the full benefit of the summer school experience

各类会议资源 Events, Webinars and Conferences

潮新论坛第三季学术报告开启！腾讯会议ID：64743664318  AQUA NOVA Forum Season 3 releases schedule! Tencent meeting ID: 64743664318   郭磊城 副研究员 “长江三角洲地貌演变特征与模拟”，5月5日 Morphodynamic Evolution and Modeling of the Changjiang Delta, Prof. Leicheng Guo, 5 May 陈雪初 教授 “追寻生态交错带：从太湖到杭州湾”，5月19日 Tracing the Ecotones: From Taihu Lake to Hangzhou Bay, Prof. Xuechu Chen, 19 May 袁琳 研究员 “基于自然的滨海湿地盐沼修复——以长江口为例”，6月2日 A Nature-based Solution for Coastal Saltmarsh Restoration—A Case Study in the Yangtze Estuary, Prof. Lin Yuan, 2 June 点击观看往期精彩报告！ Click to watch past recording videos!

第三届冰冻圈和大气化学开放科学研讨会 将于 5月9至13日 线上举行，点击申请 3rd CATCH Open Science Workshop, online, 9-13 May. Register now

“海洋十年”（Ocean Decade）协同设计研讨会 将于 6月7至9日 举行 Ocean Decade Co-Design Workshop, 7-9 June

2022年联合国世界海洋日活动 将于 6月8日 线上举行，点击注册 UN World Oceans Day 2022, online, 8 June. Register now

网络研讨会：海洋新奇指数：为海洋保护区管理探测创新条件 将于 6月9日 线上举行，点击注册 Webinar: The ONo Index: Detecting novel ocean conditions for MPA management, 9 June. Register now

气候和社会未来情景论坛 将于 6月20至22日 在奥地利拉克森堡和线上举行，线上参会注册截止日期至 6月17日 Forum on Scenarios for Climate and Societal Futures, Laxenburg, Austria and online. 20-22 June. Virtual registration closes on 17 June

海洋碳和生物地球化学项目（OCB）2022年夏季研讨会 将于 6月20至23日 在美国伍兹霍尔海洋研究所举行 OCB Summer Workshop 2022, woods Hole, MA, USA. 20-23 June

非洲南部海洋科学研讨会 将于 6月20至24日 在南非德班举行，早期注册优惠截止至 6月5日 Southern African Marine Science Symposium, Durban, South Africa. 20-24 June. Early bird rates available until 5 June

海洋全球变化生物学戈登会议：预测物种对全球变化响应的综合方法 将于 7月16至17日 在美国沃特维尔谷举行，请于 6月18日 前申请 Gordon Research Conference Ocean Global Change Biology: Synthesizing Approaches to Predict Species Responses to Global Change, Waterville Valley, NH, USA. 16-17 July. Apply by 18 June 海洋全球变化生物学戈登会议：将环境有机体和群落复杂性融入海洋全球变化研究 将于 7月17至22日 在美国沃特维尔谷举行，请于 6月19日 前申请 Gordon Research Conference Ocean Global Change Biology: Integrating Environmental Organismal and Community Complexity into Ocean Global Change Research, Waterville Valley, NH, USA. 17-22 July. Apply by 19 June

科学传播在线课程，自 7月18日 开始，为期六周，请于 6月15日 前申请 Online course in Science Communication, six weeks staring 18 July. Apply by 15 June

第三届气候动力学理论、机制和层次模型：热带海洋、ENSO 及其遥相关暑期学校 将于 7月18至29日 在意大利里雅斯特和线上举行，请于 5月15日 前申请 3rd Summer School on Theory, Mechanisms and Hierarchical Modeling of Climate Dynamics: Tropical Oceans, ENSO and their teleconnections, Trieste, Italy and online, 18-29 July. Apply by 15 May

国际桡足类会议 将于 7月25至29日 线上举行，请于 5月31日 前提交摘要 International Conference on Copepoda, online. 25-29 July. Submit an abstract by 31 May

第十届南极研究科学委员会（SCAR）开放科学大会：变化世界中的南极洲 将于 8月1至10日 在线举行，请于 6月1日 前提交摘要 10th SCAR Open Science Conference: Antarctica in a Changing World, online, 1-10 August. Submit an abstract by 1 June

东边界上升流系统（EBUS）开放科学会议 & 第二届洪堡海流系统国际会议 将于 9月19至23日 在秘鲁利马和线上举行，请于 5月3日 前提交摘要 Open Science Conference on Eastern Boundary Upwelling Systems (EBUS) & Second International Conference on the Humboldt Current System, Lima, Peru and online, 19-23 September. Submit an abstract by 3 May

北太平海洋科学组织（PICES）2022年年会：海洋生态系统的可持续发展 将于 9月23日至10月2日 在韩国釜山举行，请于 6月15日 前提交摘要 PICES 2022 Annual Meeting: Sustainability of Marine Ecosystems, Busan, Korea, 23 September - 2 October. Submit an abstract by 15 June

第六届厦门海洋环境开放科学大会（XMAS）将于 2023年1月9-12日 在中国厦门大学举行，现征集专题提案，请于 6月15日 前提交 Sixth Xiamen Symposium on Marine Environmental Sciences (XMAS), Xiamen University, China, 9-12 January 2023. Submit session proposals by 15 June

发展机会 Jobs and Opportunities

生物多样性数据杂志征集南极和南大洋生物多样性专题稿件, 请于 4月30日 前填写投稿意向 Antarctic and Southern Ocean biodiversity topical collection - Biodiversity Data Journal. Fill out the Expression of Interest by 30 April 西印度洋治理和交流网络 (WIOGEN) 招募西印度洋海洋治理研究生课程概念制定顾问，请于 4月30日 前申请 Consultant: Development of a concept for a graduate programme on Ocean Governance in the West Indian Ocean, West Indian Ocean Governance and Exchange Network (WIOGEN). Apply by 30 April 全球海洋观测伙伴关系-海洋研究科学委员会 (POGO-SCOR) 联合奖学金，请于 5月8日 前申请 POGO-SCOR Fellowship 2022. Apply by 8 May 世界气候研究计划 (WCRP) 征集联合科学委员会 (JSC) 委员提名，请于 5月15日 前提交 WCRP Call for nominations for its Joint Scientific Committee. Submit by 15 May 海洋酸化和其他海洋变化——影响和解决方案 (OACIS) 研究项目征集：海洋碱度增强对海洋生态系统和生物的影响，请于 5月15日 前预申请 OACIS Call for research projects: Effects of Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement on Marine Ecosystems and Organisms. Pre-applications by 15 May 世界自然基金会 (WWF) 招募全球海洋首席科学家，工作地点灵活，点击申请 Global Oceans Lead Scientist, WWF, location flexible. No deadline given. Apply now “海洋十年”征集第 03/2022 号行动，点击申请 Ocean Decade launches new Call for Decade Actions No. 03/2022. Apply now

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