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IMBeR 国际项目办公室（中国）祝您元旦快乐，新年一切顺利！
Wishing you all a safe and happy holiday season and all the best in 2021!
December 2020, No. 10

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IMBeR IPO - China is fully sponsored by ECNU and SKLEC
Editors: Kai QIN, Tracey Woodhouse and Fang ZUO from IMBeR IPOs

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在后疫情时代促进全球科学网络
Fostering Global Science Networks
in a Post-COVID-19 World
作者: Alistair J. Hobday, Carol Robinson, Eugene J. Murphy, Alice Newton, Marion Glaser, Stephanie Brodie
全球科学网络继 COVID-19 的限制后受到了影响。六位 IMBeR 科学指导委员会的委员合作在《海洋学》（Oceanography）期刊发文提出，与其等待回归常态，不如在以下四个领域确保海洋科学能有一个高产与合作的未来: 
  • 使科学活动适应一个远距离的世界
  • 创造机会建立和加强全球网络
  • 最大限度地减少失去机会的影响
  • 为令人期许的未来，建设全球共同体
COVID-19的限制可能会持续数年。海洋科学界必须采取创新的举措，以弥补可能丧失的机遇，包括从在不同国家工作而内化的文化见识，到只能在有限地区学习到的新技术，这些机遇正是来自本就活跃的全球科学家网络。如果不做出特别努力，就有可能破坏国际网络，同时失去一大批科学家，将对认识和管理全球海洋造成长期的负面影响。作者呼吁全球和区域项目的领导人和资助者能够带动处于职业早期阶段的研究人员（ECRs），并考虑如何在这一致命病毒爆发后的数月乃至数年内不断满足初级和资深科学家的需求。
Disruptions to global science networks have followed COVID-19 restrictions. Rather than wait for a return to normal, the authors propose in the newly published paper in Oceanography four areas that can ensure a productive and collaborative future for marine science:
  • Adapt scientific activities for a physically distanced world
  • Create opportunities to build and strengthen global networks
  • Minimize the impact of lost opportunities
  • Create a global community based on a desirable future
COVID-19 restrictions will likely persist for several years. The marine science community must develop innovative ways of compensating for the potential loss of opportunities derived from an active global network of scientists, ranging from assimilating cultural insight gained by working in different countries to learning practical skills in new techniques that are only available in limited locations. Without special effort, there is risk of breaking international networks and, at the same time, losing a cohort of scientists, impacts that will have a long-lasting detrimental effect on understanding and managing the global ocean. The authors call on senior leaders and funders of global and regional programs to engage with ECRs and to consider how the needs of both junior and senior scientists can continue to be met in the months and years following this deadly virus outbreak. Click to access full text of the article.
南极磷虾持续蜕壳驱动南大洋北斯科舍海的主要碳输出
Continuous moulting by Antarctic krill
drives major pulses of carbon export
in the north Scotia Sea, Southern Ocean
作者: C. Manno, S. Fielding, G. Stowasser, E.J. Murphy, S.E. Thorpe & G.A. Tarling
南极磷虾在生物地球化学循环中扮演着重要的角色，并有可能向深海输送较高的颗粒有机碳（POC）通量。南极磷虾还有一个不同寻常的特点，那就是在其整个生命周期中会不断地蜕壳。作者根据在南大洋采集的沉积物样品中磷虾排泄颗粒（FP）、蜕壳和残体确定了磷虾对 POC 通量的季节性贡献。研究发现磷虾蜕壳和排泄颗粒所产生的碳输运通量几乎相当，共占全年 POC 通量的87%（22.8 gm−2y−1）。通过逆向建模方法，推算出了产生这种通量所需的磷虾种群规模，峰值可达 261 gm−2。本研究阐明了磷虾蜕壳作为 POC 通量载体的重要作用。鉴于磷虾的蜕壳周期受温度影响，研究结果强调了 POC 通量对区域环境快速变化的敏感性。
Dominant processes driving krill carbon flux
Schematic showing the average annual proportional contribution (%) of krill derived carbon (faecal pellets, exuviae and carcasses respectively) to annual particulate organic carbon (POC) flux and the dominant export season for each vector.
Antarctic krill play an important role in biogeochemical cycles and can potentially generate high-particulate organic carbon (POC) fluxes to the deep ocean. They also have an unusual trait of moulting continuously throughout their life-cycle. The authors determine the krill seasonal contribution to POC flux in terms of faecal pellets (FP), exuviae and carcasses from sediment trap samples collected in the Southern Ocean. They found that krill moulting generated an exuviae flux of similar order to that of FP, together accounting for 87% of an annual POC flux (22.8 gm−2 y−1). Using an inverse modelling approach, they determined the krill population size necessary to generate this flux peaked at 261 gm−2. This study shows the important role of krill exuviae as a vector for POC flux. Since the krill moulting cycle depends on temperature, our results highlight the sensitivity of POC flux to rapid regional environmental change. Click to access full text of the article.


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