“Biblical archaeology” emerged in the 20th century as an effort to prove that biblical places, people, and stories were true.
Archaeologists in Israel are now more concerned with understanding the cultures of ancient peoples. Does archaeology confirm the biblical narratives, or does evidence in the ground suggest that they don't match up? Tony Cartledge is a professor of Old Testament, Campbell University School of Divinity, and the curriculum writer for Nurturing Faith Journal and Bible Studies.