The Proper Billing, Coding and Documentation for Skin Biopsies
Since we are on the cusp of a new calendar year, this article will be geared to the appropriate billing, coding and documentation for skin biopsies for 2019.
Before discussing the actual biopsy procedures, I feel that it is important to understand the various definitions and techniques that are utilized to perform skin biopsies. In 2019, these will directly impact the CPT code that is selected for the procedure that is performed.
Biopsy: When a designated biopsy procedure code is billed (ie. 11102, 11103, 11104, 11105, 11106, 11107), the procedure is performed for one reason only. That is to obtain tissue for a diagnostic, histopathologic examination. This procedure is distinct or unrelated from other procedures that were performed at the same time. If biopsies are performed on different lesions or at different sites on the same date of service, they may be reported separately. They are not considered to be components of other procedures.
When certain procedures are performed on the skin such as excision, destruction or shaving, the suspect tissue that is removed is often submitted for pathological analysis. The obtaining of specimens for pathological analysis during the course of these procedures is considered a component part of these procedures and is not separately reimbursable.
The purpose of the procedure must always be clearly indicated.
Partial thickness biopsy
: This type of biopsy is utilized to sample a portion of the skin that does not penetrate below the dermis.
Full thickness biopsy:
This type of biopsy is utilized to sample a portion of the skin deep to the dermis into the subcutaneous tissue.
Tangential biopsy
(eg. shave, scoop, saucerize, curette): This type of biopsy is performed using a sharp blade (ie. flexible biopsy blade, obliquely oriented scalpel, curette). The purpose of this type of biopsy is to obtain a tissue sample from a designated lesion purely for a diagnostic, pathologic examination. This type of biopsy entails the removal of a superficial sample and does not involve the full thickness of the dermis.
Punch biopsy
: This type of biopsy is performed using an instrument to remove a full thickness, cylindrical sample of the skin. The intent of this biopsy is to obtain a cylindrical, sample of a cutaneous lesion solely for the purpose of a diagnostic, pathological examination. Simple closure is included and is not separately payable.
Incisional biopsy:
This type of biopsy is performed using a scalpel to remove a full thickness sample of tissue. The biopsy penetrates deep to the dermis into the subcutaneous space. The intent of this biopsy is to obtain a full thickness sample of a skin lesion for the purpose of a diagnostic, pathological examination. Simple closure is included and is not separately payable.
What about the actual CPT codes involved?
Biopsy:
11102: Tangential biopsy of skin (eg. shave, scoop, saucerize, curette); single lesion
11103: each separate/additional lesion (List separately in addition to the code for the primary procedure)
11104: Punch biopsy of skin (including simple closure, when performed); single lesion
11105: each separate/additional lesion (List separately in addition to the code for the primary procedure)
11106: Incisional biopsy of skin (eg. wedge) [including simple closure when performed]; single lesion
11107: each separate /additional lesion (List separately in addition to the code for the primary procedure)
It should be noted that as of January 1, 2019, CPT codes 11100 and 11101 will be deleted.
Removal of Skin Tags:
Removal by scissoring, or by any sharp method, ligature strangulation, electrosurgical destruction, or a combination of treatment modalities, including chemical destruction or electrocauterization of the wound, with or without local anesthesia.
11200: Removal of skin tags, multiple fibrocutaneous tags, any area; up to and including 15 lesions
11201 each additional 10 lesions, or part thereof (List separately in addition to the code for the primary procedure)
Shaving of Epidermal or Dermal Lesions:
Shaving is the sharp removal by transverse incision or horizontal slicing to remove epidermal and dermal lesions without a full thickness dermal excision. This includes local anesthesia, chemical or electrocauterization of the wound. The wound does not require suture closure.
11300: Shaving of epidermal or dermal lesion, single lesion, trunk, arms or legs; lesion diameter 0.5cm or less
11301: lesion diameter 0.6 to 1.0 cm
11302: lesion diameter 1.1 to 2.0 cm
11303: lesion diameter over 2.0 cm
11305: Shaving of epidermal or dermal lesion, single lesion, scalp, neck, hands, feet, genitalia; lesion diameter 0.5cm or less
11306: lesion diameter 0.6 to 1.0 cm
11307: lesion diameter 1.1 to 2.0 cm
11308: lesion diameter over 2.0 cm
Excision – Benign Lesions:
Excision (including simple closure) of benign lesions of skin (eg. neoplasm, cicatricial, fibrous, inflammatory, congenital, cystic lesions) includes local anesthesia. Excision is defined as full thickness, through the dermis, removal of a lesion including margins and includes simple, non-layered closure when performed. Code selection is based upon measuring the greatest clinical diameter of the apparent lesion plus that margin required for complete excision. Lesion diameter plus the narrowest margins required equals the excised diameter.
11400: Excision, benign lesion including margins, except skin tag (unless listed elsewhere), trunk, arms or legs; excised diameter 0.5 cm or less
11401: excised diameter 0.6 to 1.0 cm
11402: excised diameter 1.1 to 2.0 cm
11403: excised diameter 2.1 to 3.0 cm
11404: excised diameter 3.1 to 4.0 cm
11406: excised diameter over 4.0 cm
11420: Excision (benign lesion including margins, except skin tag (unless listed elsewhere), scalp, neck, hands, feet, genitalia; excised diameter 0.5 cm or less
11421: excised diameter 0.6 to 1.0 cm
11422: excised diameter 1.1 to 2.0 cm
11423: excised diameter 2.1 to 3.0 cm
11424: excised diameter 3.1 to 4.0 cm
11426: excised diameter over 4.0 cm
Excision – Malignant Lesions:
Excision (including simple closure) of malignant lesions of skin (eg. basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, melanoma) includes local anesthesia. . Excision is defined as full thickness, through the dermis, removal of a lesion including margins and includes simple, non-layered closure when performed. Code selection is based upon measuring the greatest clinical diameter of the apparent lesion plus that margin required for complete excision. Lesion diameter plus the narrowest margins required equals the excised diameter.
11600: Excision, malignant lesion including margins, trunk, arms or legs; excised diameter 0.5cm or less
11601: excised diameter 0.6 to 1.0 cm
11602: excised diameter 1.1 to 2.0 cm
11603: excised diameter 2.1 to 3.0 cm
11604: excised diameter 3.1 to 4.0 cm
11606: excised diameter over 4.0 cm
11620: Excision, malignant lesion including margins, scalp, neck, hands, feet, genitalia; excised diameter 0.5 cm or less
11621: excised diameter 0.6 to 1.0 cm
11622: excised diameter 1.1 to 2.0 cm
11623: excised diameter 2.1 to 3.0 cm
11624: excised diameter 3.1 to 4.0 cm
11626: excised diameter over 4.0 cm
As far as selecting the most appropriate ICD-10-CM code to link to the CPT code that will be billed, my suggestion is to wait until the specimen that was biopsied is sent for pathological analysis and a pathology report is produced with a definitive diagnosis. I would then either use the EHR software or more appropriately, Volume II of the ICD-10-CM Manual and access the “ICD-10-CM Table of Neoplasms” in order to obtain the most accurate ICD-10-CM code to bill.
This is my opinion.
Michael G. Warshaw, DPM, CPC
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