What You Need to Know about the Corporate Transparency Act and Preparing for the Federal Database of Beneficial Ownership Information
Miranda Pelkey, Maine APEX Deputy Director and Counselor serving Penobscot, Piscataquis, Hancock, and Waldo Counties
Enacted in 2021, the Corporate Transparency Act aims to prevent illegal activity including tax fraud, money laundering, and financing for terrorism by capturing more ownership information for specific U.S. businesses operating in or accessing the country’s market. The Corporate Transparency Act requires certain business entities to file information on their “beneficial owners” with the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (“FinCEN”) of the U.S. Department of Treasury in a Beneficial Ownership Information Report (BOIR).
The information provided in BOIRs will not be publicly available, but FinCEN is authorized to disclose the information:
- to U.S. federal law enforcement agencies,
- with court approval, to certain other enforcement agencies,
- to non-U.S. law enforcement agencies, prosecutors or judges based upon a request of a U.S. federal law enforcement agency, and
- with consent of the reporting company, to financial institutions and their regulators.
So what does all of this mean for your business? Is there any action you need to take and is YOUR business required to register a BOIR?
The answer is, maybe. Let’s look at which types of entities ARE required to register.
FinCEN requirements determine who must report:
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A corporation, a limited liability company (LLC), or group otherwise created in the United States by filing a document with a secretary of state or any similar office under the law of a state or Indian tribe
- with less than 20 employees AND
- less than $5,000,000 in gross receipts or sales
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NOTE: This DOES NOT include Sole Proprietorship companies
- A foreign company and was registered to do business in any U.S. state or Indian tribe by such a filing.
After determining that your business is required to file a BOIR due to meeting the guidelines listed above, your next step is to identify its beneficial owners. A beneficial owner is any individual who, directly or indirectly:
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Exercises substantial control over a reporting company; OR
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Owns or controls at least 25 percent of the ownership interests of a reporting company.
Note: A reporting company can have multiple beneficial owners.
BOIR Reporting Deadlines are determined by the date in which your entity was created. If your entity was created or registered with the Secretary of State prior to 2024 then you MUST report by January 1, 2025. If your entity was created or registered with the Secretary of State IN 2024, you MUST report within 90 calendar days of notice of created or registration. Failure to comply can lead to criminal penalties of imprisonment for up to two years and/or a fine of up to $10,000, and a civil penalty of up to $591 per day. Therefore, it is critically important that you register within the allotted timeframe.
For more information and to learn how to file, visit fincen.gov/boi.
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