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Appropriate Fertilizing in Northeast Florida
According to Florida Friendly Landscaping
Introduction
Fertilizing is essential in maintaining healthy and vibrant landscapes, but it's crucial to do it responsibly. The Florida Friendly Landscaping program provides guidelines to help gardeners and homeowners fertilize their plants in a way that is beneficial to both the landscape and the environment.
Understanding Fertilization Needs
Fertilization needs vary based on the type of plants and the specific soil composition in North East Florida. Before fertilizing, it is recommended to conduct a soil test to determine the nutrient needs of your soil. This helps avoid over-fertilization, which can lead to nutrient runoff and water pollution. The county extension office, 85831 Miner Rd, does the soil tests for free.
Types of Fertilizers
· Slow-release fertilizers: These are recommended for North East Florida as they release nutrients gradually, reducing the risk of nutrient leaching.
· Organic fertilizers: Compost and other organic materials improve soil health and provide a steady supply of nutrients.
· Granular fertilizers: Suitable for lawns and garden beds, especially when applied correctly to avoid runoff.
When to Fertilize
Timing is crucial when it comes to fertilizing. In North East Florida, the best times to fertilize are:
· Spring: Application in early spring supports new growth.
· Fall: Fertilizing in the fall helps plants recover from summer stress and prepare for winter dormancy.
Avoid fertilizing during the rainy season as this can lead to nutrient runoff into waterways.
Application Techniques
Proper application ensures that fertilizer benefits your plants without harming the environment. Follow these techniques:
· Follow label instructions: Always adhere to the manufacturer's guidelines on the amount and frequency of application.
· Use a spreader: This helps distribute fertilizer evenly across your lawn or garden bed.
· Avoid fertilizing near water bodies: Keep a buffer zone to prevent runoff into rivers, lakes, or wetlands.
Environmental Considerations
Florida Friendly Landscaping emphasizes minimizing environmental impact. Here are some best practices:
· Choose the right plants: Native and drought-tolerant plants require less fertilizer and water.
· Water wisely: Efficient irrigation systems reduce the need for excessive fertilizing.
· Maintain a healthy lawn: Proper mowing, aeration, and pest control reduce the need for chemical interventions.
UF/IFAS experts caution against using "weed and feed" products broadly due to potential harm to lawns, trees, and shrubs, especially when pre-emergent herbicides are applied during hot weather. They recommend understanding the specific needs of your lawn and plants and applying herbicides and pesticides only where necessary, not across the entire yard.
Elaboration:
· Potential Harm to Lawns:
Pre-emergent herbicides in "weed and feed" products can injure lawns if applied when temperatures are consistently above 90°F for three days, a phenomenon called phototoxicity. This can lead to browning and even death of healthy lawn areas.
· Harm to Trees and Shrubs:
The herbicide can be absorbed by the root systems of trees and shrubs, potentially causing damage, especially if they are near the lawn.
· Environmental Concerns:
Broad application of herbicides can contaminate waterways and groundwater, harming wildlife and potentially impacting drinking water.
· Alternative Approaches:
UF/IFAS emphasizes the importance of understanding the specific needs of your lawn and plants before applying any fertilizer or herbicide. They recommend taking a soil test to identify nutrient deficiencies and choosing fertilizers accordingly.
· Timing and Application:
The timing of "weed and feed" application is crucial. Applying it too early, when temperatures are not high enough for the lawn to thrive, can be counterproductive, with the fertilizer benefitting weeds more than the grass.
· Overall, while "weed and feed" products offer a convenient way to address weeds and fertilization, they come with risks that can outweigh the benefits, especially in Florida's climate and for certain types of lawns and plants.
Conclusion
Appropriate fertilizing in North East Florida, in accordance with Florida Friendly Landscaping, involves understanding plant needs, using suitable fertilizers, and applying them responsibly. By following these guidelines, gardeners can achieve lush and healthy landscapes while protecting Florida’s precious natural resources.
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