Widely acknowledged as the birthplace of Earth Day, Santa Barbara’s involvement began with the devastating 1969 oil spill off its coast. Senator Gaylord Nelson from Wisconsin saw the 800 square-mile oil slick from an airplane, which gave him the impetus to ratify a national day for environmental education, which he called Earth Day. On April 22, 1970, over 20 million Americans attended Earth Day teach-ins and gatherings across the U.S.
Soon after these formative events, President Nixon established the Environmental Protection Agency (1970), and a bi-partisan Congress adopted the Clean Water Act (1972), Coastal Zone Management Act (1972), and Endangered Species Act (1973). In 1970 and again in 1999, they also greatly strengthened the Clean Air Act, originally passed in 1963. In some cases, this legislation passed with nearly unanimous support.
In the days, weeks, and months following the spill, local Santa Barbara volunteers and activists worked heroically to respond to the devastation—cleaning oil-slicked wildlife, spreading straw on beaches to sop up oil, documenting contamination, and creating political and activist organizations.
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