The United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) has recently provided additional guidance to Examiners on the consideration of factual evidence provided in the form of a Declaration under 37 C.F.R. § 1.132 (“Rule 132 declaration”). Understanding these guidelines and the overall utility of Rule 132 declarations is an important tool for practitioners to rebut a prima facie case of obviousness. A Rule 132 declaration is recommended for the introduction of evidence to the record when the evidence to be provided is “on a basis not otherwise provided for” in the application. In these practitioners’ views, Rule 132 declarations should be considered in many, if not a majority, of chemical-related cases. Historically, many practitioners have argued against the use of Rule 132 declarations because of litigation worries (such as inequitable conduct findings for inaccurate / misleading declarations). However, so long as reasonable due diligence is done when obtaining the Rule 132 declaration, in our view the benefits, as discussed below, far outweigh the risks. | 
