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On March 16, 2026, a federal judge temporarily blocked sweeping changes to U.S. vaccine policy ordered by Health and Human Services (HHS) Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr., dealing a significant setback to the Trump administration’s efforts to overhaul the nation’s immunization system.
U.S. District Judge Brian E. Murphy, presiding in Boston, issued a preliminary injunction halting a January directive that would have reduced the number of vaccines recommended for all children. The blocked changes affected immunizations for illnesses such as flu, rotavirus, hepatitis A and B, meningitis, and RSV. The ruling also stopped a scheduled meeting of a newly imposed federal vaccine advisory panel that had been set to convene in Atlanta.
Murphy found that Kennedy likely violated federal law and long-standing procedures in both scaling back the childhood immunization schedule and restructuring the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), a key panel that guides federal vaccine recommendations. The judge determined that the administration bypassed the committee’s traditional scientific process and acted in a manner that was “arbitrary and capricious,” undermining the integrity of federal decision-making.
The ruling also invalidates actions taken by the reconstituted ACIP, including controversial recommendations to alter hepatitis B vaccinations at birth, delay certain combined childhood vaccines, and move away from universal COVID-19 vaccination guidance in favor of individualized decision-making.
Central to the case is Kennedy’s decision last year to dismiss all 17 members of the ACIP and replace them with new appointees.
The lawsuit was brought by the American Academy of Pediatrics and other medical organizations, which argued that the changes endangered public health and ignored established scientific standards.
Public health advocates and infectious disease experts praised the ruling as a major victory for evidence-based medicine and the rule of law.
The judge’s order is temporary and will remain in place pending further legal proceedings, including a potential trial or summary judgment decision.
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