Four of Every 10 Lenders Shrank Commercial Property Portfolios, FDIC Says.
Top executives at New York-based JPMorgan, the biggest U.S. bank holding company, joined rivals in saying it is scaling back on commercial property loans.
The heyday of strong commercial real estate loan growth that's benefited from rising prices in the past decade of U.S. economic expansion appears to be waning.
First-quarter banking results prompted credit agency S&P Global Ratings to say the best days for U.S. bank lending may be behind them for now, expressing concern that property price increases in recent years may mean a potential decline in values.
The commercial real estate industry "remains a risk factor for our rated banks," S&P said in a report. It added that record-low cap rates, the expected returns on a real estate investment, and "significant price increases in recent years could eventually result in a downturn in certain property types and geographies. Those most at risk, in our view, include
multifamily
, construction, retail and suburban office properties."
The latest federal banking data released last week shows the number of loans underwritten in the first quarter grew by a relatively slight 1%. That's down from quarterly loan growth that hit a high of more than 3% just three years ago. Quarterly loan growth has averaged 1.7% in the past five years. Moreover, that makes three consecutive quarters of loan growth of 1% or less.
For the quarter, banks reported tightening standards over the past three months across three major commercial real estate loan categories: construction and land development loans, nonfarm nonresidential loans and multifamily loans, according to the Federal Reserve Bank.
Banking data from the Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. shows that more banks have seen a shrinking in the amount of commercial real estate loans on their books. About 41% of banks involved in commercial real estate lending had reduced totals, a percentage that's risen from 29% in the previous quarter.
The overall total of commercial real estate loans held by banks increased $22.6 billion, with 11 banks posting increases of more than $1 billion in the quarter. Notably though, of those 11 banks, six of them had growth that came mainly from bank acquisitions and not loan originations or purchases.
While some of the slowdown in growth came from seasonally reduced transaction volume in the first quarter, much of the reduction is strategic.
Citizens Bank of Providence, Rhode Island, posted the largest growth in commercial real estate loan totals that did not involve a bank merger.
Even here though, the bank's parent company, Citizens Financial Group, warned that its growth is not likely to hold up during the rest of the year.
"We are also seeing attractive risk-adjusted return opportunities in commercial real estate with growth tied to high-quality projects largely in office and multifamily," John Woods, the company's chief financial officer, told analysts during the firm’s first-quarter earnings conference call. "It's really across the Southeast and in growth areas of the country where we're seeing the highest levels of growth."
Nationally though, Woods added: "The growth will slow down over the balance of the year and that's strategic because we're focusing on the better end of the opportunity set that we see. So we have to originate a fair amount just to replace what is on our books already. But I think you should expect to see our real estate growth on a gross basis be a little slower than it's been in the past from a strategic standpoint."
Marianne Lake, chief executive of consumer lending at
New York-based
JPMorgan Chase and a member of the largest U.S. bank holding company’s operating committee, told analysts in a first-quarter earnings call that commercial real estate "is much lower; it's very competitive; its prices have come down. We continue to provide financing and funding for our core loans, but we're not going to chase it down."
BB&T Corp., which is in the process of merging with SunTrust Banks, saw its loan origination volume shrink 7.5%.
"That's really because of our focus on conservative underwriting," Kelly King, chairman and chief executive, said in a first-quarter earnings call. "I mean this quarter, particularly in CRE underwriting, is really, really very competitive. And as I indicated, we are simply not willing to go where some are with regard to CRE underwriting and so that's why we saw the softness there."