| |  | Linda Michaels, PsyD, MBA is a psychologist with a private practice in Chicago. She is Chair and Co-Founder of the Psychotherapy Action Network (PsiAN), a grassroots nonprofit organization that advocates for therapies of depth, insight and relationship. She is a Consulting Editor of Psychoanalytic Inquiry, Clinical Associate Faculty at the Chicago Center for Psychoanalysis, the first psychotherapist elected to the Board of the American Psychoanalytic Association in its 114-year history, and a fellow of the Lauder Institute Global MBA program. She is author and co-editor of several articles and the book Advancing Psychotherapy for the Next Generation, and has published, presented, and been interviewed by The New York Times, Wall St. Journal, NPR and other national media on the value of psychotherapy, the therapeutic relationship and technology, and the public narrative about therapy. Linda has a former career in business, with over 15 years’ experience consulting to organizations in the US and Latin America.
Interlocutor Felecia Powell-Williams, EdD, LPC-S is a psychotherapist-psychoanalyst in private practice in Houston. She is Secretary of the Board of PsiAN, President of the Board and a Personal and Consulting Analyst at the Center for Psychoanalytic Studies (CFPS) in Houston, and a teacher at the collegiate level. She has presented locally and nationally on various topics, including race and racism. She is author of "A Little Girl's Recovery: An Analysis of a Six-Year-Old Girl Who Experienced Loss" and contributor for the Parent Work Casebook.
REFERENCES
Delboy, S. & Michaels, L. (2025). The therapy world has changed: Where are we now?. Psychoanalytic Inquiry, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1080/07351690.2024.2423575.
Delboy, S. & Michaels, L. (2021). Going beneath the surface: What people want from therapy. Psychoanalytic Inquiry, 41:8, 603-623, https://doi.org/10.1080/07351690.2021.1992232.
Lazar, S. (2018). The place for psychodynamic therapy and obstacles to its provision. Psychiatric Clinics of North America, https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2017.17010057.
Leichsenring, F., Abbass, A.l, Hilsenroth, M. et al. (2018). “Gold standards,” plurality and monocultures: The need for diversity in psychotherapy. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 9:159. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00159.
Shedler, J. (2015). Where is the evidence for “evidence-based” therapy? Journal of Psychological Therapies in Primary Care, 4, pp. 47-59.
Steinert, C., Munder, T., Rabung, S., Hoyer, J., & Leichsenring, F. (2017). Psychodynamic therapy: As efficacious as other empirically supported treatments? A meta-analysis testing equivalence of outcomes. American Journal of Psychiatry, 174, issue 10, p. 943-953. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2017.17010057
Wachtel, P. (2010). Beyond “ESTs”: Problematic assumptions in the pursuit of evidence-based practice. Psychoanalytic Psychology, 27 (3), pp. 251-272.
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