American Minute with Bill Federer
Roman Empire Persecution of Early Christians
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Eleven of the twelve apostles were
martyred,
with the 12th,
John,
being reportedly thrown into
a boiling pot of oil,
but miraculously survived.
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Jesus
said in Acts 1:8:
"But ye shall receive power, after that the Holy Ghost is come upon you:
and ye shall be
witnesses
unto me both in
Jerusalem,
and in all
Judaea,
and in
Samaria,
and unto the
uttermost part of the earth."
The word
"witness"
in Greek is
"martyr."
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The traditional histories of the
Apostles
are:
- Peter preached in Rome and was crucified upside down in 66 AD;
- Andrew preached in Asia Minor, modern-day Greece and Turkey, before being crucified on a sideways "Saint Andrew's Cross" around 60 AD;
- Thomas preached east of Syria, Parthia, and possibly India, and was pierced through with spears by four soldiers in 72 AD;
- Philip reportedly preached in Egypt, Carthage in North Africa, and Asia Minor. After converting the wife of a Roman proconsul in Phrygia, he was arrested and cruelly put to death in the city of Heliopolis around 80 AD;
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- Matthew preached in Parthia, Persia and Ethiopia, where he was reportedly stabbed to death in the back in city of Nadabahl in 74 AD;
- Bartholomew, according to tradition, preached in India, Armenia, Ethiopia and Southern Arabia, before being skinned and martyred in the 1st century AD;
- James, the son of Zebedee, was arrested by Herod Agrippa, and beheaded by the Romans in 44 AD;
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- James, the son of Alpheus, is said to have ministered in Syria, where he was stoned and clubbed to death in 62 AD;
- Thaddaeus, or Jude, preached in Asia Minor and Greece, till he was crucified in Beirut or Edessa around 65 AD;
- Simon the Zealot reportedly preached in Persia, Mauritania, on Africa's west, and possibly England, before being crucified in 74 AD;
- Matthais preached in Syria, where he was burned to death.
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Though not one of the twelve, the
Apostle Paul
preached in
Syria, Asia Minor, Greece,
and
throughout the Roman Empire
till he was
beheaded
in Rome in 66 AD.
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There were
ten major persecutions of Christians
in the
first three centuries:
1)
Nero
A.D. 54-68;
2)
Domition
A.D. 81- 96;
3)
Trajan
A.D. 98-117;
4)
Antoninus Pius
&
Marcus Aurelius Antoninus
A.D. 138-180;
5)
Severus
A.D. 193 - 211;
6)
Maximus
A.D. 235-238;
7)
Decius
A.D. 249-251;
8)
Valerian
A.D. 253-260;
9)
Aurelian
A.D. 274-287;
10)
Diocletian
A.D. 292-304.
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If the government caught Christians assembling,
they were subject to being
arrested and killed,
therefore,
Christians met in caves carved underground
called
catacombs.
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Emperor Diocletian's
persecution was the worst.
When
Diocletian
had
lost battles in Persia,
his generals told him it was because
they had neglected the Roman gods.
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Diocletian
ordered
all military personnel and government employees to worship the Roman gods,
thus forcing Christians out of the army or into the closet.
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After purging Christians from the military and government,
Diocletian
surrounded himself with
anti-Christian advisers.
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He revoked the tolerance issued a previous
Emperor Gallienus
in 260 AD, and then
used the military
to
force all of Rome to return to worshiping pagan gods.
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In 303 AD,
Diocletian
consulted the
Oracle Temple of Apollo at Didyma,
which told him to
initiate a great empire-wide persecution
of Christians.
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What followed was a decade of intense
persecution of Christians.
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Diocletian
had his military go systematically province by province
arresting
church leaders,
burning scriptures, destroying churches, cutting out tongues, boiling Christians alive
and
decapitating them.
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From
Europe to North Africa,
thousands were
martyred.
The faithful cried out in fervent prayer.
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Finally,
Diocletian
was then struck with
an intestinal disease
so painful that he
abdicated the throne
on MAY 1, 305 AD.
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The next emperor, Gelarius
continued the
persecution,
but he too was struck with the
intestinal disease
and died.
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Emperor Constantine ended
the
persecution
of
Christians
in 313 AD.
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Commenting on
Roman persecutions
was
Secretary of State William Jennings Bryan,
who was the
Democrat Party's candidate for President
in 1896, 1900, and 1908.
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William Jennings Bryan
stated in his speech, "The Prince of Peace,"
(New York Times,
September 7, 1913):
"I can imagine that the
early Christians
who were carried into the
Coliseum
to make a spectacle for those more savage than the beasts, were entreated by their doubting companions not to endanger their lives.
But,
kneeling in the center of the arena,
they prayed and sang until they were devoured ..."
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Bryan
continued:
"How helpless they seemed, and, measured by every human rule, how hopeless was their cause!
And yet
within a few decades
the power which
they invoked proved mightier than the legions of the Emperor,
and the faith in which they died was
triumphant o'er all the land
...
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... They were
greater conquerors in their death
than they could have been had they purchased life."
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The Center for Studies on New Religions found that in 2016, over 90,000 Christians were murdered, 30 percent of whom were at the hands of Islamic terrorists.
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Fox News
published a report, January 6, 2017, titled
"Christians the most persecuted group in world for second year:
Study."
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Open Doors UK & Ireland
CEO Lisa Pearce reported:
“Persecution levels have been rising rapidly
across
Asia and the Indian subcontinent,
driven by extreme religious nationalism which is often tacitly condoned, and sometimes actively encouraged, by local and national governments ...
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... If a Christian is discovered in
Somalia,
they are
unlikely to live to see another day.
North Korea
is at the top of the list of countries persecuting Christians, followed by
nations practicing sharia Islam.
China
has increased
targeting Christians
and
demolishing churches."
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Catholic News Agency
reported:
"All top 10 countries with the
worst persecution of Christians
are in
Asia and Africa. Somalia
ranks second on the list, followed by
Afghanistan, Pakistan, the Sudan, Syria, Iraq, Iran, Yemen, and Eritrea
...
More Christians were recorded as killed (in
Pakistan)
for their faith in 2016 than any other country."
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Open Doors
reported that in 2016:
- Islamic fundamentalism is responsible for persecution of Christians in 35 of the top 50 countries;
- Pakistan is 4th in persecution, worse than northern Nigeria;
- Sudan is the 5th worst persecutor of Christians, with President Omar al-Bashir proclaiming, "Now we can impose sharia here";
- Christians are killed in crossfire in Yemen, Syria and Iraq;
- Hindu nationalists have caused India to reach its highest level of persecution, battering churches;
- Laos, Bangladesh, Vietnam and Bhutan increased persecution;
- Buddhist nationalism in Sri Lanka has put the country among the top 50 persecutors;
- Turkish President Erdogan used a suspicious coup to eliminate opposition and increase persecution of Christians, moderate Muslims and non-Islamists.
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President Ronald Reagan
commented on the
persecution of Christians in the Roman Coliseum
at the National Prayer Breakfast, February 2, 1984:
"This power of prayer can be illustrated by the story that goes back to
the fourth century
-- the
monk
(Telemachus) living in a little remote village, spending most of his time in prayer ...
One day he thought he heard the voice of God telling him to
go to Rome
...
Weeks and weeks later, he arrived ... at a time of a
festival in Rome
...
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... He followed a crowd into the
Coliseum,
and then, there in the midst of this
great crowd,
he saw the
gladiators
come forth,
stand before the Emperor,
and say, 'We who are about to die salute you.'
And he realized they were going to
fight to the death for the entertainment of the crowds
.
He cried out,
'In the Name of Christ, stop!'
And
his voice was lost
in the tumult there in the great
Colosseum
..."
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He continued:
"And as the games began,
he made his way down through the crowd
and climbed over the wall and
dropped to the floor of the arena.
Suddenly the
crowds saw this scrawny little figure
making his way out to the
gladiators
and saying, over and over again,
'In the Name of Christ, stop!'
And they thought it was
part of the entertainment,
and at first they were
amused.
But then, when they realized it wasn't,
they grew belligerent and angry
..."
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Reagan
added:
"And as
he was pleading with the gladiators, 'In the Name of Christ, stop!'
one of them
plunged his sword into his body.
And as
he fell to the sand of the arena in death,
his last words were,
'In the Name of Christ, stop!'
...
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... And
suddenly, a strange thing happened.
The
gladiators
stood looking at this tiny form lying in the sand.
A
silence fell over the Colosseum.
And then, someplace up in the upper tiers,
an individual made his way to an exit
and left, and the
others began to follow.
And in the
dead silence, everyone left the Colosseum.
That was the
last battle to the death between gladiators
in the
Roman Colosseum.
Never again
did anyone kill or did men
kill each other
for the
entertainment of the crowd
..."
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Reagan
ended:
"One tiny voice
that could hardly be heard above the tumult.
'In the Name of Christ, stop!'
It is something we could be
saying to each other throughout the world today."
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Schedule Bill Federer for informative interviews & captivating PowerPoint presentations: 314-502-8924
wjfederer@gmail.com
American Minute is a registered trademark of William J. Federer. Permission is granted to forward, reprint, or duplicate, with acknowledgment.
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