Sci-News Roundup May 20 - May 26, 2023
General Interest  Cosmos   Innovation   Health  Nature  Environment  Climate

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May 30 Unusual Brain Adaptations (rescheduled from April 11)
June 01 Microbial Ecosystems: The Foundation of Life (rescheduled from 04/25)




GENERAL INTEREST

New York Times, May 17, 2023
Engravings found in Jordan and Saudi Arabia appeared to match nearby ancient megastructures known as desert kites as seen from above.

Big Think, May 23, 2023
Einstein's most famous equation is E = mc², which describes the rest mass energy inherent to particles. But motion matters for energy, too.

Nature, May 18, 2023
Humans did not emerge from a single region of Africa, suggests a powerful modelling study. Rather, our ancestors moved and intermingled for millennia.

The Science Times, May 23, 2023
Route optimization involves finding the most efficient travel route from one delivery location to another, considering factors like distance, time, and resource constraints. Behind the scenes, complex mathematical algorithms power route optimization, enabling businesses to be efficient and save time, fuel, and resources.

TechXplore, May 18, 2023
In the wake of the high-profile launch of ChatGPT, no fewer than seven developers or companies have countered with AI detectors. That is, AI they say is able to tell when content was written by another AI.

COSMOS

Live Science, May 14, 2023 
Solar-powered balloons detected strange rumblings at a height of 70,000 feet above the Earth's surface. Scientists can't identify them.

Quanta, May 17, 2023 (audio + transcript)
Several areas of physics suggest reasons to think that unobservable universes with different natural laws could lie beyond ours. The theoretical physicist David Kaplan talks with Steven Strogatz about the mysteries that a multiverse would solve.

Knowable, May 03, 2023
A next-generation instrument on a delayed Martian rover may be the key to answering the question of life on the Red Planet

Sci-News, May 23, 2023
On May 24, 2023, as part of the A Sign in Space project, ESA ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter (TGO) will transmit an encoded message to Earth to simulate receiving a signal from an extraterrestrial civilization.

Universe Today, May 23, 2023
The Surface Avatar experiments, as they are known, are designed to serve as a proof of concept for operating a robot on the surface of a body that is not so friendly to humans.


INNOVATION

The Guardian, May 24, 2023
Pioneering research could help development of miniaturized devices for stroke patients and paralyzed people.

MIT Technology Review, May 09, 2023
Sodium-based batteries could start hitting the market this year, if companies follow through on their plans.

Anthropcene, May 21, 2023 (scroll down)
More (but greener) fertilizer or less fertilizer (and less meat).

STAT, May 17, 2023
As an oncologist, Jennifer Lycette gets to know her patients particularly well. She’s doubtful that artificial intelligence could replace that personal connection, but new research based on, of all things, Reddit Q&As, says otherwise.

Physics World, May 18, 2023
The pilot-scale device, which is already operational under real sunlight conditions, also produces usable heat and oxygen, and its developers at the École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) in Switzerland say it could be commercialized in the near future.

BBC News, May 21, 2023
UN scientists are now clear that reducing greenhouse gas emissions alone won't be enough to stop dangerous levels of warming. They say there will need to be some carbon dioxide removal - actively taking it out of the atmosphere.


HEALTH 

Environmental Health News, May 23, 2023
Fewer US sunscreens contain oxybenzone, an ingredient with health and safety concerns

Healthline, February 13, 2023
Rowing machines, also known as ergometers or ergs, use your upper and lower body on every stroke. This strengthens and tones your muscles and improves your endurance. Rowing can also benefit your heart and lungs.

The Conversation, May 19, 2023
Most people think aging starts in their 60s, but in fact we spend most of our life span undergoing the process of decline, typically beginning in our 30s.

Live Science, May 23, 2023
The chemicals that make food spicy don't target taste receptors, but rather temperature receptors in the tongue.

Treehugger, May 17, 2023
A USDA report reveals that “natural” claims on packaging mean a whole lot less than most people think.

STAT, May 23, 2023
Amid what he called the worst youth mental health crisis in recent memory, U.S. Surgeon General Vivek Murthy issued an advisory Tuesday warning about social media’s impact on developing young brains.


NATURE

BBC News, May 23, 2023
The study examined population densities of more than 70,000 animals and researchers say it is the most comprehensive record to date. 
It found 48% of species on earth are currently undergoing population declines, with less than 3% increasing.

How Stuff Works, May 05, 2023
There are non-polar, semi-arid, coastal and cold deserts (aka polar deserts), that are vast and barren. So, what are the largest deserts in the world and just how big are they?

The Revelator, May 22, 2023
Numerous global reforestation efforts are underway, but research suggests getting long-term benefits is harder than it looks, and some projects can do more harm than good.

Sci-Tech Daily, May 23, 2023
Although the garlic-like smell is a typical characteristic of wild garlic, the plant is often confused with the poisonous lily of the valley or autumn crocus.

Cosmos, May 20, 2023
Mosquitoes use body odor and carbon dioxide to seek out their sleeping human targets, and an elaborate field experiment in Zambia shows the whiney insects prefer certain body scents over others.


ENVIRONMENT

The Guardian, May 21, 2023
If mining companies are given the go-ahead to exploit the ocean depths, the environmental cost will be devastating. As the clock ticks down to a crucial deadline in July, Michael Segalov reports

Common Dreams, May 22, 2023 (*Frances Moore Lappe)
Only with democracy—specifically a living democracy—can we transform our wasteful, destructive food system to ensure everyone’s fair access to healthy, ecologically grown food.

Environmental Health News, May 18, 2023
Fracking companies used 282 million pounds of hazardous chemicals that should have been regulated by the Safe Drinking Water Act from 2014 to 2021.

Civil Eats, May 05, 2023
Agrichemical companies won’t say how they’re disposing of seeds coated with hazardous pesticides, and the EPA isn’t tracking it.

Grist, May 19, 2023
A new study suggests unregulated “precursor” compounds account for half of total PFAS pollution at sites around the country.


CLIMATE

Climate Change News, April 19, 2023
The world will soon have pumped out enough greenhouse gas to take the temperature more than 1.5C above pre-industrial levels.

Carbon Brief, October 05, 2021
In first place on the rankings, the US has released more than 509GtCO2 since 1850 and is responsible for the largest share of historical emissions, Carbon Brief analysis shows, with some 20% of the global total.

The Guardian, May 22, 2023
World is on track for 2.7C and ‘phenomenal’ human suffering, scientists warn

NPR, May 20, 2023
The implications pose risks to human health, economies and the natural world.

Yale Environment 360, May 18, 2023
A new study reaffirming that global climate change is human-made also found the upper atmosphere is cooling dramatically because of rising CO2 levels. Scientists are worried about the effect this cooling could have on orbiting satellites, the ozone layer, and Earth’s weather.