You may have noticed lately that we've been a bit light on eggs.
The logistics of keeping hens is challenging, and right now we are welcoming in the "new girls" as our mature hens stop laying.
A young laying hen is called a pullet. Hens, like all other chickens, must be started in a very warm building called a brooder. The pullets are then fed out for about 18 weeks (4 months) before we start to see the first eggs. The first eggs are then very small and unmarketable. We use those for kitchen products like our baking.
Between weeks 18 and 22, the eggs start to size up and by week 22, we start to get a good supply of large eggs. Right now, the hens are approaching 21 weeks of age and our egg supply is on the way up again.
But age isn't everything. Hours of daylight also matter. A hen's ovulation cycle is determined by hormones that respond to hours of daylight. A hen needs a minimum of 14 hours of daylight per day to start laying eggs. This corresponds naturally to the spring, and when the birds are raised outside, it makes sense to start new hens in the spring.
The logistics challenge of starting new hens. Space is limited on a farm, and where do you keep birds that aren't laying eggs for 22 weeks separate from those that are producing? And how do you keep them from mixing? I've had them mix before, then you end up feeding hens that don't give eggs. You can sort them out, but it's time consuming.
Right now, the old hens are gradually being culled out for "stewing hens" to make room for the new pullets.
How long will the hen lay? A hen can lay in cycles for several years, but not profitably. Generally, we'll keep the hens for about 18 months, and in the winter, add artificial light in the barn to keep them laying. This year's flock will lay through the end of next summer.
A hen naturally wants to go into a "molt." This is when she quits laying eggs and sheds her feathers. She will eventually start laying again, but at a reduced production. You can delay a molt by controlling the lights in the winter, but only for so long.
How many eggs per day? A hen eats about 4 ounces of feed per day and lays a maximum of 1 egg per day. We figure in about 6 eggs per week at max per hen.
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