DISCOVERIES AND DEVELOPMENTS
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At The Tisch Cancer Institute, we are dedicated to translating our basic science findings into clinical applications, with a focus on providing the most comprehensive and effective care for cancer patients. The
2019 Specialty Report for The Tisch Cancer Institute
features many of our latest discoveries and developments that are advancing precision-medicine therapeutics and optimal outcomes for patients, including:
Findings reported by
Emily Bernstein, PhD,
in
Nature Communications
demonstrate a potential approach to preventing drug resistance by inhibiting the effects of BRAF mutations and IGFBP2-driven biological pathways.
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You are cordially invited to a special
Director, The Tisch Cancer Institute
Deputy Director, The Tisch Cancer Institute
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Recent whole-exome and -genome sequencing studies, including
The Cancer Genome Atlas
(TCGA) and
International Cancer Genome Consortium
(ICGC), have provided tremendous insights into the genomic makeup of non-small cell lung adenocarcinoma (LAD) tumors. These studies have identified a number of mutational signatures suggesting that tumors carry an imprint of the environmental agents to which patients were exposed. While tobacco smoke is the principal agent that causes lung cancer in civilians, military service members can be exposed to a variety of carcinogens whose imprints are unknown. This research project will utilize whole-genome sequencing (WGS) to determine the full spectrum of genomic alterations in tumors of LAD individuals who were exposed to jet fuel during military service. The genetic alterations will be characterized and compared to publicly available LAD (TCGA, ICGC) WGS datasets to identify their exposure-specific mutational signatures and cancer drivers, with the goal of advancing prognostic and therapeutic potential.
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Preventing Tumor Progression
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Understanding the exact mechanisms by which glioblastoma cells infiltrate deep into the brain, evading surgical resection and chemotherapy, is needed in order to prevent tumor progression. Our research will explore the role of transcription factors as drivers of the migratory tumor cell state, focusing on the
TEAD family of regulators and their relationship to
EGFR signaling, using CRISPR-knockout and pharmacological inhibition in primary patient-derived glioblastoma cells and in immunocompetent and xenograft mouse glioma models. We will test the potential therapeutic efficacy of
YAP-TEAD inhibitors, with the expectation that pharmacologic inhibition of glioblastoma infiltrative growth will alleviate tumor burden while also blocking oncogenic
RTK effects, thus offering new therapeutic options.
Dr. Tsankova is Associate Professor of Pathology and Neuroscience.
Her laboratory conducts research on characterizing the molecular mechanisms of progression in glioblastoma, with a focus on the role of epigenetic and transcriptional regulators for maintaining cancer stem-cell states and tumor migration.
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Benjamin Hopkins, PhD
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joined Mount Sinai in March as Assistant Professor in the Departments of Oncological Sciences and Genetics and Genomic Sciences. Dr. Hopkins’ focus is on translational research through the development of an organoid-based functional genomics platform. He will use personalized models of cancer to identify cancer-specific vulnerabilities, elucidating the molecular mechanisms that underpin treatment efficiency and examining how systemic metabolism impacts tumor initiation and disease progression. Dr. Hopkins received his PhD in Biology from Columbia University. He was most recently an Instructor in the
Cantley Laboratory
at Weill Cornell Medicine.
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Joseph Finkelstein, MD, PhD
, Chief Research Informatics Officer (CRIO) and Senior Associate Dean, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, has been named Associate Director of Cancer Information Technology for The Tisch Cancer Institute. As CRIO and Senior Associate Dean, Dr. Finkelstein oversees Mount Sinai information technology (IT) needs related to research, taking advantage of the unique data assets, diverse patient population, and informatics resources of the entire Mount Sinai Health System. As Associate Director of Cancer IT, Dr. Finkelstein will work to catalyze cancer research by advancing comprehensive IT infrastructure to support intelligent data aggregation, predictive analytics, and conduct of clinical trials.
Dr. Finkelstein’s current studies focus on tailored interactive patient engagement in personalized health; pharmacogenomic support for medication optimization; and analysis of heterogeneous health information datasets for building individualized patient care prediction models.
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Fred R. Hirsch, MD, PhD
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an internationally-renowned authority on lung cancer treatment and research who joined Mount Sinai Health System in 2018, is the Executive Director of the newly-created Center for Thoracic Oncology in The Tisch Cancer Institute. He is also the Joe Lowe and Louis Price Professor of Medicine and will be the Associate Director of Biomarker Discovery for The Tisch Cancer Institute.
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More than 60 percent of cancer patients receive radiation therapy (RT) as part of their treatment, yet the mechanisms by which tumors evade RT remain poorly understood. Through an unbiased chemical-genetic screen in a zebrafish, we identified a novel role for the innate immune kinase IRAK1 as a driver of tumor resistance to RT, a role confirmed in multiple pre-clinical models and further supported by gene-expression data from patients with head and neck cancer. The data identify IRAK1 inhibition as a targeted therapy for radioresistant cancer.
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A small subset of
chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (chRCC), known as an indolent tumor, behaves in a clinically aggressive manner. Patients with recurrent chRCC demonstrated a differential gene expression
of specific biochemical pathways than patients with nonrecurrent chRCC. The most commonly overexpressed pathways were neuroactive ligand-receptor interactions and cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions. The most activated gene functions were cellular, metabolic, and multicellular organismal processes. These expression patterns, as well as clinical parameters associated with worse overall survival, can potentially be used as novel biomarkers to identify aggressive variants of chRCC.
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We identified rare, pathogenic germline variants in
Fanconi Anemia
(FA) genes as risk factors for increased risk of squamous lung cancer (SqCC). Our findings increase our understanding of SqCC predisposition and can be used toward development of a genetic diagnostic test to identify high-risk individuals who can benefit from personalized intensive surveillance, early detection and prevention strategies.
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This study is the first that correlates TP5 with higher metastatic tumor potential, evaluated by means of the Decipher (R) score. This corroborates clinical observations for which patients with Gleason 7 with TP5 harbor poorer prognosis with respect to their counterpart without TP5. Our study also represents the first that investigates the gene expression profiling of specimens with TP5, as a proxy of early tumor de-differentiation. We were able to elucidate unique genomic features in case of presence of TP5. We will try to implement these findings in our ongoing studies; we expect to implement a new predictive tool using tissue biopsy. This information has potential clinical applications during patient counseling regarding an individual’s risk of harboring a worse cancer phenotype and/or developing metastasis during post-operative follow-up.
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PhD Clinical Encounter
PhD candidates with a
Cancer Biology
concentration in the Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences have a unique opportunity to gain exposure to clinical care. Current students and principal investigators share their insights.
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How I Became an Oncologist, Palliative Medicine...
Cardinale B. Smith, MD, PhD, is an associate professor of medicine and the director of quality for cancer services at Mount Sinai Health System, in the Division of Hematology/Medical Oncology and Brookdale Department of Geriatrics and Palliative...
Read more
connection.asco.org
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SERVING PATIENTS IN THEIR COMMUNITY
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Cancer Physicians on Long Island
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Through Mount Sinai’s ever-expanding
Cancer Network
, specialists in Hematology and Medical Oncology are available to treat patients in their Long Island communities. Key individuals for patient referrals include:
Interim Chief Hematology/Oncology
Karine Austin, Administrator
516-536-1455
Sarah Curtis, Administrator
631-628-5000
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Kidney Cancer and Kidney Health Fair in recognition of National Kidney Month
Wednesday, March 27
11 am-2 pm
1468 Madison Avenue, Guggenheim Pavilion
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Multiple Myeloma Program
for Patients
and Caregivers in recognition of
Multiple Myeloma Awareness Month
Wednesday, March 27
3-4:30 pm
1470 Madison Avenue, Sixth Floor,
Room 6-101
Advance Care Planning Information Session
in recognition of
National Health Care Decisions Day
Information about Health Care Directives
Monday, April 15
Noon-1 pm
1470 Madison Avenue, Second Floor, Seminar Room B
National Cancer Survivors Day
Sunday, June 2
Noon-2 pm
The Mount Sinai Hospital
Stern Auditorium and West Lobby
212-824-8884
All About Gay Men and Prostate Cancer
Wednesday, June 19
5:30-7:30 pm
Mount Sinai Downtown Union Square
212-844-6292
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Do you have news for the next issue of
TCI Connections
?
Remember to share
breaking news
and
high impact news
that might be appropriate for media coverage with Marlene Naanes in the Press Office. This may include pending FDA drug/device approvals, studies/trial results being published in high-impact journals, and patient stories. The more lead time you can give Marlene, the better—ideally, four weeks or when a paper is accepted by the journal. Embargoes will always be honored and news will only be released with your approval.
Marlene.Naanes@mountsinai.org
, 929-237-5802
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Ramon Parsons, MD, PhD, TCI Director
Co-editors: Janet Aronson and Rhaisili Rosario
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