|
Plants and actinomycetes- allies in the fight for resources
Dr. Oleksandr Gromyko,
Ivan Franko National University of L'viv
What do alder, sea buckthorn, and black locust have in common? At first glance, nothing but these and many other plants form close interactions with bacteria. Bacteria can improve mineral nutrition and this allows plants to live on poor soil, enhances their resilience to stress factors, and enables them to absorb carbon dioxide more efficiently. For some plants, these interactions are so important that bacteria enter their roots and form special structures called nodules. Very often, actinomycetes can be found inside the nodules, as well as inside and on the surface of many plant organs.
What's so special about actinomycetes? That they are small factories for producing compounds. Besides improving mineral nutrition, these organisms can synthesize various chemical compounds. We have been using antibiotics produced by actinomycetes for almost 100 years. Besides antibiotics, they also produce fungicides, antiparasitic, and herbicidal compounds. These compounds can protect the tree organism from pests.
During the previous grant from TREE Fund #14-JK-01, we studied the biological properties of actinomycetes from the Collection of Antibiotic Producing Microorganisms of Ivan Franko National University of Lviv and identified antagonists of tree pathogens, as well as strains capable of producing phyto-stimulating compounds, including auxins, siderophores, etc. After completing the project, we investigated the direct effect of some actinomycetes on plant seed germination and obtained positive results, namely accelerated root growth and increased content of pigments, sugars, and amino acids. Further research on actinomycetes will allow us to develop effective biofertilizers for plants.
|