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In Texas we are reliant on our air conditioners for the majority of the year. When your system breaks down an experienced HVAC company can quickly diagnose the problem and get the house cool again.
Here are some of the common issues homeowners can run into – many of which are preventable with regular maintenance. Knowing these can help you prevent problems and let you ask the right questions when problems do arise.
Airflow and cooling issues
- Dirty or clogged air filter: This is one of the easiest issues to fix and can cause a host of problems. A clogged filter restricts airflow, reduces cooling efficiency, and can even cause the evaporator coils to freeze. Change your filters regularly.
- Frozen evaporator coils: Ice buildup on the indoor evaporator coils can be caused by restricted airflow from a dirty filter or low refrigerant levels. This prevents the coils from absorbing heat, causing the AC to blow warm air.
- Low refrigerant: If your AC is running but not cooling, a refrigerant leak may be the culprit. Low refrigerant causes the evaporator coil to freeze and the system to work inefficiently. A professional is needed to fix the leak and recharge the system.
- Blocked condenser: The outdoor condenser unit releases heat from your home. If it's covered in dirt, grass, or other debris, it can't operate efficiently, which reduces cooling.
- Faulty condenser or fan motor: If the outdoor unit's fan or compressor motor is failing, it may not run correctly. This can cause the unit to blow warm air or not turn on at all.
Electrical problems
- Bad capacitor: A capacitor stores energy to start the motors for the compressor and fans. Over time, it can weaken and fail, preventing the unit from starting or running properly.
- Tripped circuit breaker: An overloaded AC unit or an electrical short can cause the circuit breaker to trip, shutting off power to the unit. If resetting the breaker doesn't work, a technician should inspect it.
- Faulty thermostat: A malfunctioning or improperly calibrated thermostat can cause the AC to run erratically, cycle too frequently, or fail to start.
Drainage and leaks
- Clogged condensate drain line: As an AC cools the air, it removes moisture that drains through a pipe. Algae, dirt, and debris can clog this line, causing water to back up and leak from the unit. A wet/dry vacuum is often used to clear the blockage. Bleach can be used periodically to clear the drain line and prevent clogs.
- Damaged or rusted drain pan: The pan that collects the condensation can crack or rust over time, leading to leaks. This is more common in older AC units and often requires replacement.
- Disconnected drain line: Improper installation or age can cause the condensate drain line to become disconnected, causing water to leak inside.
Wear and tear
- Compressor failure: The compressor is the heart of the AC, pumping refrigerant through the system. Strain from other system issues or old age can cause it to fail, requiring a costly repair or full unit replacement.
- Worn fan belts or motor bearings: Like any mechanical system, moving parts in an AC wear down over time. Worn belts or bearings can cause unusual noises and reduce the unit's efficiency.
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