Greetings!
Hope all is well! Stay Save!
Welcome to the
HML Post for
April 21, 2020
The HML Post is a weekly review of research and editorials relating to leadership in public eduction.
Editor: Jack McKay
     Quote for the Week
"Wisdom is knowing what to do next, skill is knowing how to do it, and virtue is doing it." 
David Star Jordan

Dr. Carol Choye
Dr. Choye presenting Dr. Carrol Johnson with the HML Outstanding Educator Award.
Dr. Carol Choye - 2020 - Educational Leader
Dr.  Carol Choye  passed away recently, a victim of the Corona-virus. Carol served as as leader on the HML Board for ten years (2008 -2018).

"America’s public schools, and their students and teachers, have lost one of their real champions in the passing of Dr. Carol Choye. Articulate, thoughtful, caring, compassionate and an advocate for the underserved, Dr. Choye could always be counted on to be in the forefront, as a teacher. superintendent and university faculty member. Much of what is good practice in our schools today is a result of her leadership.” (Charles Fowler)

"Carol was as thoughtful, compassionate and caring as any educator leader I’ve ever known. Her generosity was legionary - whether to students, colleagues or friends, she could never give enough. We have lost a remarkable role model and I’ve have lost a dear friend."
(Colleen B Wilcox)

"Carol Choye was loyal to her friends, devoted to her staff and students, and passionate about attacking inequality in all its guises. Raised in San Francisco's China Town by her grandparents she rose to the heights of the education profession. She was a wonderful, decent, generous human being who will be sorely missed by many."
(James Harvey)

"Dr. Choye was an influential leader whose focus on students and teachers had an impact on school leaders throughout America. Her kind , thoughtful, and inclusive approach guided discussions with Superintendent colleagues during her career and as a Board Leader with HML and AASA. She led with love."
(Mark Edwards)

"Carol was an outstanding, thoughtful, and inspirational leader of the Princeton and Scotch Plains School Districts in New Jersey. She grew up in San Francisco, commuted across the Bay to earn her BS and MS at the University of California - Berkley. She earned her Ed.D. from Columbia Teachers College under the mentorship of Dr. Carrol Johnson."
(Jack McKay)
We want to look great, be safe, happy, and might I add, look great? 
In our new normal of the COVID-19 era, many of us have turned to the  webcam  and  video meetings  in place of school, work conferences, and many of us are spending our days on video conferences hosted by Zoom and RingCentral. 
And many of you are probably looking into the picture window at yourself and saying, "Really? I look that bad?"
  1. Appearance: Start with the basics. Comb your hair, shave your face or apply your makeup and think strategically about your clothing.
  2. Lighting: Here's where most people fail in web conferences. Have one steady lamp, directly by your face, for even, steady lighting.
  3. Background: You want people focusing on your face, not on what's behind you. Plain and simple," like blank walls, or a wall with nothing but one piece of art hanging.
  4. Perspective: Here's the biggest no-no. Get rid of what he calls "wide-angle face." "The closer you are to a wide-angle, the more distorted you are."
  5. Eye Level: Don't have the webcam looking up at you, because that will turn you into "Look up my nostrils dude." Eye to eye contact is the best connection." Look at that camera directly, straight ahead. How to do that when the webcam is physically below your eye? Stack a bunch of books under your laptop until you see the webcam eye to eye. 
  6. Sound: While we just told you to step away and not be so close, don't be so far away that the microphone won't hear you. Remember to put the kids and other sound distractions in another room during your meeting, if you can. And, this is a huge one: Don't forget to mute the microphone when listening. Otherwise, everybody gets to hear you typing away. For improved audio. (Learn more.)
A Conversation Between Diane Ravitch and Rev. Charles Foster Johnson hosted by Carol Burris on the Network for Public Education.
Diane’s (2011 HML's Outstanding Public Educator) guest is the Reverend Charles Foster Johnson of Pastors for Texas Children (2020 Horace Mann Leagues' Outstanding Friend of Education) who has been a leader in stopping vouchers in his state. Listen to Diane and Charles talk about the threat that charter schools and vouchers pose to our system of public education . Click here or on the image below to view the video.)
As a member of the 2020 “class of coronavirus,” Kenia Molina needed to find a laptop in order to graduate high school — a technology gap that has caused thousands of poorer students to miss out on weeks of education.
With many US schools and universities shut for the academic year, the Los Angeles student will be completing her final year via virtual learning on a home computer donated by her district.
“This is really important… for students that don’t have any access to the internet or even have any devices, they can’t even afford any devices,” said Molina, wearing a protective mask and gloves as she collected her laptop.
“This is something we should have been ready and prepared for years ago,” said Rafael Balderas, principal of the school in Los Angeles suburb Bell where Molina studies.
“You can’t take away from face-to-face learning — it is the best form of instruction for kids,” he told AFP.
“But this now has become our new normal,” he added, with the pandemic and advances in technology spurring the school system to “move our kids to the 21st century.” ( Learn more .)
Because it’s unclear, however, when districts will be able to open buildings or when nonprofit organizations that normally provide summer learning programs will be able to operate, the most a lot of leaders can do at this point is “scenario planning,” said Aaron Dworkin, CEO of the National Summer Learning Association.
Members of the association’s  New Vision for Summer School Network , which includes roughly 50 school districts from across the country, as well as nonprofit and foundation partners, are discussing three possible directions, Dworkin said.  
The first is that summer programs will still be conducted in person, but would start later. It’s also possible summer learning would be completely virtual. A third possibility would be a hybrid model with multiple smaller groups if restrictions on group size are still in place. 
District leaders “are sitting at home in their living rooms trying to pull this together,” he said, adding he recommends they begin to collaborate with the range of organizations, such as libraries, parks, museums and other organizations that typically provide summer learning. ( Learn more. )
No schools, no exams, more online learning and  parents in COVID-19 lockdown  with their kids. What a mess!
People are responding heroically. Some parents are working from home, others have lost their jobs and teachers are creating an entire new way of doing their jobs — not to mention the kids themselves, stuck inside without their friends. Somehow, we will get through this. When we do, how will things look when school starts again?
  1. Extra student support needed. Support will be needed for our weakest learners and most vulnerable children to settle down and catch up. After weeks or months at home, students will have lost their teachers’ face-to-face support. Many young people will have experienced poverty and stress. They may have seen family members become ill, or worse. They might have had little chance to play outside.
  2. Prioritizing well-being. Well-being will no longer be dismissed as a fad. Before this crisis, there were murmurings that student well-being was a distraction from proper learning basics. No more.
  3. More gratitude for teachers. Teachers are among the unsung heroes of COVID-19: preparing resources and guidance for remote learning, dropping off school supplies in plastic boxes, connecting with kids and their parents to make sure they’re OK — even while many have kids of their own at home.
  4. Vocational skills and training. The dignity and importance of vocational education, skills and training will be reflected in what we teach.
  5. More and less tech for education. During COVID-19, there’s been a mad scramble to find technology to support learning at home. Upwards of 30 per cent of students don’t have internet access or digital devices at home.

We’re in a long, dark tunnel at the moment. When we emerge, our challenge will be to not proceed exactly as before, but to reflect deeply on what we have experienced, and take a sharp turn in education and society for the better. ( Learn more. )
by Cory Turner, Diane Adame and Elissa Nadworny on the NPR site.
America's schools are in crisis. Most of them have closed and nearly all of the nation's 56.6 million school-age children have been sent home. What began as two- to three-week school closures have crept inexorably into April and now seem capable, even likely, to outlast the school year.
Educators are now shouldering an impossible task: to replicate the functions of school for months without an actual school building. And that means millions of teachers are having to harness technologies new and old to reach and teach every student. America's schools have never had to improvise like this.
  1. The digital divide is real. In many districts, the rush to build a remote learning plan began the old-fashioned way, with paper packets — enough to tide kids over while school leaders take stock.
  2. Teaching remotely can be just as exhausting as teaching in-person, Definitely working really hard. And in some ways harder than I ever have before. I just didn't think that was possible."
  3. Providing special education has been an enormous challenge. "Our district overall is implementing Google Classroom, but that doesn't work well for my students, since I have students with more significant needs,"
  4. Teachers are making connections any way they can. Roughly two hours each morning reaching out to students and families by phone. She says this outreach is especially important for kids who can't connect online.
  5. For online classrooms, it's important for teachers to see their students and for kids to feel seen.
  6. Many schools' top concern is not academics, Yes, that personal connection educators have with their students helps kids stay focused when it's time to learn, but she says it's more important than that. Many students experience trauma at home — including poverty, food insecurity, abuse and neighborhood violence. (Learn more.)
Poverty and Potential: Out-of-School Factors and School Success by David C. Berliner on the Education Public Interest site.
Out-of-school factors (OSFs) play a powerful role in generating existing achievement gaps, and if these factors are not attended to with equal vigor, our national aspirations will be thwarted.
This brief details six OSFs common among the poor that significantly affect the health and learning opportunities of children, and accordingly limit what schools can accomplish on their own:
(1) low birth-weight and non-genetic prenatal influences on children;
(2) inadequate medical, dental, and vision care, often a result of inadequate or no medical insurance;
(3) food insecurity;
(4)environmental pollutants;
(5) family relations and family stress; and
(6) neighborhood characteristics.
These OSFs are related to a host of poverty-induced physical, sociological, and psychological problems that children often bring to school, ranging from neurological damage and attention disorders to excessive absenteeism, linguistic underdevelopment, and oppositional behavior. ( Learn more .)
College students say the online instruction they're getting in the wake of the coronavirus pandemic is not the education for which they paid. Some students plan to withhold tuition payments; others are demanding partial tuition refunds.
Now that her courses for the one-year accelerated program were moved online due to the coronavirus pandemic, Kincheloe, a first-generation college graduate from a low-income background, is questioning what more than $50,000 in student loan debt will mean for her future.
“It’s a throwaway -- a shortened quarter. They took away one week of the quarter,” she said. “I do not feel like I am getting the same education that I would have otherwise. The sort of enrichment and learning that I would have in the classroom isn’t there.”
They're not alone -- students at University of California campuses and New York University’s Tisch School of the Arts have  echoed similar concerns  about tuition not adding up to the education they were promised. Students at Miami and Drexel Universities  filed a class action lawsuit for tuition refunds , but most colleges have generally been offering refunds on room and board fees, not tuition. ( Learn more .)
William Frantz Public School: A Story of Race, Resistance, Resiliency, and Recovery in New Orleans will be released by Peter Lang in 2020. The book examines issues related to public education through events at the iconic William Frantz Public School, one of the first New Orleans public schools to be desegregated in 1960. The book covers important topics such as the resegregation of public schools, systemic racism, poverty, school accountability movements, and proliferation of charter schools . ( Learn more . )
Suddenly, we're forced to conduct business online far more than we used to. And that means a lot more video meetings and conferences.
Have you adjusted your presentation skills to meet the challenge?

Are You Coming Across Online the Right Way?
Why would you need to be present online any less than you do in person? The main difference between the two is that one is electronically transmitted. Other than that, you still need the presence that comes from authenticity. It's may not be stage presence. Let's call it instead "Video Presence." 
One of the nice things about video meetings is how well it fosters in-real-time conversations when you have no other option.
So if you want to communicate strongly in video meetings, don't think of it as an "absence" that the coronavirus is forcing upon you. Consider, for one thing, that most of the time you're very close to your screen—and so is everybody else. That's actually a form of intimacy. (I won't even mention how comfortable wearing your jammies is when no one can see it!) 
Here's another way to make your presentation skills pay off in a video conference: accept how easy it is to deal with your slides while you're speaking. Instead of splitting your attention between listeners and the display screen—and as some presenters do, talking to the slides instead of the audience—it's all now literally at your fingertips. ( Learn more. )
The 5 Essential Speaking Techniques by Gary Genard on the Genard Method site.
  1. Know Your Audience’s Needs. Ordinary speakers deliver information; leaders marry information to needs and desires. Persuasion and inspiration require engaging not only the minds but also the hearts of followers.
  2. The 3 Cs: Have a Clear, Concise, and Consistent Message. A clear, concise, and consistent message—the Gettysburg Address fits the bill perfectly.
  3. Improve Your Voice. The voice of a leader may or may not be beautiful, but it’s usually powerful.
  4. Use Nonverbal Communication. Leaders look and sound at ease and powerful at the same time, and know how to use their physical presence.
  5. Be Action-Oriented. Aim for action as a result of what you say. It’s a great way to measure the success of your presentations. (Learn more.)

Leading with Kindness During a Crisis by Kim Scott and Kelly Leonard.
A webcast about how to lead, engage, and stay connected. ( Learn more. )
Educational Leadership published a fast-tracked special report titled  “A New Reality: Getting Remote Learning Right.”  Designed to provide guidance and spark problem solving, the report brings together a range of expert educators to share ideas and reflections on teaching and learning during this difficult and unusual period. We hope it serves as a helpful resou As its title suggests, the report spotlights a variety of technological and instructional best practices for remote (or distance) learning,  including for students with disabilities . Here are the big takeaways:  
  1. Identify key priorities. One message that’s highlighted repeatedly in the report is that, in setting up initiatives and systems to support students remotely, schools should aim to zero in on a few key priorities and try not to overdo it. “Schools that do a few simple things well, listen to stakeholders, and plan for the future will likely be in the best position on the other side of this crisis."
  2. Foster community. Another message that runs through the report is the need for educators to focus on building or maintaining a sense of community in these hastily assembled remote-learning settings. Especially at a time like this, anything educators can do to convey connection, normalcy, and consistency is important. And don’t overlook the added value of ongoing teamwork and collaboration among educators themselves.
  3. Take a whole child approach. The third point that emerges strongly from this report is that this is truly a whole child moment in education. It is a time when, even more than usual, many students’ needs are is far from strictly academic. Social distancing is not the same for everyone—for our students and adults alike.  

As these ideas illustrate, remote learning is about much more than technology. And our report suggests that how we conceive of it during this crisis may even have important implications for the future. “Out of this trying time, we will absolutely develop new tools that will help us serve students more holistically and with greater focus going forward.” (Learn more.)
Share, Gather, Connect During COVID-19 -related closures, clear and regular communication from school leaders offers a crucial beacon of community support
BY Emily Boudreau on Harvard's Useable Knowledge site.
As schools and communities navigate the uncertainties accompanying extended school closures, principals and their leadership teams must tap into their intimate knowledge of their staff and faculty, families, and the assets and needs of the communities they serve. To understand how to deploy resource effectively, leaders need to communicate information to the district and to the school’s community.
“Communicating regularly, calmly, and clearly is what matters most. Parents appreciate knowing what is going on, even if the news is not good, and community organizations and news media can help get the word out to families who may not be plugged in. To help school leaders support the communities they serve, here are a few areas of focus for principals during this initial phase of crisis response.
1 Share information.
Nothing is more important than communication, and in multiple forms. The principal should provide reliable information during a time that can feel overwhelming and chaotic. Principals might:
  • Post on social media a quick daily update to families.
  • Send a weekly email “round up” at the end of each week that summarizes what has happened and previews what might be coming next.
  • Provide a clear and concise list of family friendly information on their websites in multiple languages.
2 Gather input
The principal can also be a conduit for insight and input that will serve the whole school district. This information can help them respond to specific families and students in a timely way that addresses their unique circumstances. Principals might:
  • Assign key staff members to monitor social media and/or a suggestions box on their website.
  • Check in regularly with local community organizations who serve families and children who are most vulnerable.
3 Discuss and connect
Finally, the principal can work on building community, especially among staff and faculty who need to support one another. Principals might:
  • Provide a regular space for staff to talk about what is happening, how they are coping with the crisis, and to share concerns, ideas and possible solutions is critical.
4 Assessing what's working
Because many school leaders find themselves in uncharted territory, Cheatham recommends every school and district crisis team do regular “after action” reviews to consider what is working and what isn’t so that they can adjust along the way.

5 Equity planning
It’s especially important for leaders to consider the ways in which this crisis has exposed already existing and persistent inequities, like lack of access to technology and healthy food. Creating short- and longer-term plans to address equity gaps will be beneficial now and when this immediate crisis passes. ( Learn more . )
Because boundaries are fuzzy, you could either burn out or not get anything done. Click here .
Anecdotal Research Findings about Parents Who Homeschool..
# 1 Many parents have discovered that the teacher was not the problem.
 
# 2 A significant number of parents have been reported to have removed the bumper sticker about their child being an outstanding 
student.
Free Access to the New York Times
High school students and educators in the United States will be able to access online Times journalism - free- until July 6. Go online to " https://www.nytimes.com/initiative/highschoolaccess " to get started.
Are You Prepared for The Following Questions? by Dr. Laurie Barron (MT), Dr. Martin Brooks (NY), Dr. John Erickson(WA), Dr. Ruben Alejandro (TX), Dr. Eric King (IL), Dr. Frank Hewins (WA), and Dr. Jack McKay, Executive Director of the League.

Just presume that you will be asked some of the following questions at your next virtual board meeting by reporters, school board members, teachers, parents, and taxpayers. Are you prepared? We suggest facts, not hazy replies. Being prepared helps, particularly about the wide variety of new challenges that were unimaginable just a few week ago.
 
Student Related
 
1.     Engagement : What is the percentage of students regularly engaged with their teachers for each school during the shutdown?
 
2.     Not Engaged: How are the teachers following up on students that are not engaged in learning activities?
 
3.     Effectiveness: What are some of the strategies that the teachers have found to be effective in having students engaged in learning?
 
4.     Success: What are some of the successes with remote learning? Why are they successful?
 
5.     Learning Los s : What long-term strategies are you thinking about to lessen the loss of learning for students during the next couple of months? Any sense of what strategies will be most effective?
 
6.     Graduation: What are some alternatives to carry out the graduation ceremony for the seniors? Who is involved in the planning?
 
7.     Major Issues: What do you anticipate to be the major issues facing students for the remainder of this school year? How are you and your team dealing with those significant issues?
 
8.     Unanticipated Issues: What are some anticipated and unanticipated challenges you and your principals are facing during the shutdown of the schools? What is being done to resolve those challenges?
 
9.    What percentage of your students have internet access at home? Of those who have internet access at home, what percentage have a device capable of assisting them with online remote learning?
 
10.  Loaning devices: Is the district providing a device to a student who needs one? If so, how many devices have been loaned to students, and what percentage of the student population does this represent?
 
11.  Special Needs: The literature continues to highlight a concern for addressing the needs of special populations during these times of remote learning. How are you addressing these special students? How do you plan to make sure that there is a smooth transition to a new normal?
 
12.  Hygiene: What steps are in place to sustain the level of hygiene expected when school reopens next fall

13 Food Services: Is the school providing breakfast and/or lunch during school closures? What percentage of students have taken advantage of breakfast? What percentage of students have taken advantage of lunch? If so, how is the district funding these meal services?
 
 
Teacher Related
1.     Remote Learning: What strategies have you and the principals used to follow-up on the level of success of remote learning? What ideas of evidence are the principals using to measure remote learning success?
 
2.     Negative variables: Of all the variabilities that negatively impact on student learning during the shutdown, what seems to be the most challenging to resolve or reduce? What additional resources need to be available to reduce the impact of those particular variables?
 
3.     Mitigation Issues: What are some of the major issues facing the teachers during the shutdown? How are you and the principals planning on mitigating those issues? What additional resources do you need?
 
4.     Social Emotional Needs: How have teachers attempted to address student social-emotional needs remotely? If so, what have they done and how effective have they been?


5.     Special Needs: How have teachers addressed the needs of special needs students whose educational programs are guided by IEPs requiring specific services?
 
6.     Asynchronous v. Synchronous: How are teachers trying to balance asynchronous learning with synchronous lessons with students? What method works better and why?
 
7.     Remote Learning Benefits: Have there been any benefits of remote learning? For example, some teachers have reported that it has been more comfortable for them to differentiate lessons for individuals or small groups of students?
 
8.     Instructional Changes: How are the principals preparing themselves and the teachers about the curriculum, instructional practices, and assessment when school reopens?
 
9.  Faculty Needs : With social distancing, how are you continuing to meet with staff and provide them support regarding remote learning?
 
10.  Technology Needs : Have teachers been surveyed about bandwidth and other issues to accommodate remote learning? If so, what were the results?
 
11.   Access to Learning: How are teachers dealing with equity, poverty, and access to the technology required for distance learning?
 
12.  Students with Special Needs: How will you be serving your students with disabilities and other individual needs?
 
13.  Professionalism: Are teachers be observed or monitored during the shutdown? What are the performance expectations?

14 Specialized Support : How have the school psychologists and guidance counselors being involved?

15 Office Hours: Do teachers have office hours? For example, a one-hour block for students and parents to ask questions about the assignments.

16 Engagement Guidelines: What guideline or expectations do teachers have for engagement time with students each week? What are the guidelines for planning?

The (Washington State) guidelines below are meant for any delivery model; printed learning materials, online programs, or a combination of both. Recommended guidelines for maximum student commitment each day are as follows:
• Pre–K: 30 minutes
• Grades K–1: 45 minutes
• Grades 2–3: 60 minutes
• Grades 4–5: 90 minutes
• Grades 6–8: 20 minutes per class (2.5 hours maximum per day)
• Grades 9–12: 30 minutes per class (3 hours maximum per day)
 
Parents and the Community Related
1.     Student & Parent Communications: What methods of communication have you consider to reduce the anxiety of students and parents during the shutdown? 
 
2.     Citizen Communications: What methods have you used to communicate with citizens, and to what level have they been effective?
 
3.     Communication Issues: What problems do you anticipate in communicating to parents and taxpayers about the continuation of learning activities by teachers for the remainder of the school year?
 
4.     Parental Input: What impact, if any, will this experience have on the role that parents play in the education of their children going forward?
 
6.     Responding to Rumors: How are you communicating what teachers are doing about student learning to combat the rumor that teachers are still getting paid, but there is no school?

7 Office Hour: What are the thoughts about the principals having a daily, one-hour block of time for students and parents to call in during the school closure?
 
 
Superintendent Related
 
1.     Issues and Resources: What are the challenges that you are facing now and in the next couple of months? How are you trying to solve them? What additional resources do you need?
 
2.     School Board Assistanc e: What do you see as ways that your school board could and should help during these days and weeks of school closure?
 
3.     Future of Remote Learning: Are there any aspects of remote learning you intend to carry over once schools reopen?
 
5.     Opportunities: Has this experience made you think about changing some of the norms and structures embedded in the culture of your district - e.g., homework, bell schedules, grading, reporting to parents, discipline, the role of student voice, etc.?
 
6.     Change and Leadership: An entire education system, thought to be monolithic and immovable, was transformed in a matter of weeks. What lessons did you learn about change and leadership through this experience?
 
7.     School Board Meetings: With social distancing, how are you ensuring the business of the district continues with communications with the board and their business meetings? How are you ensuring public access to these meetings?
 
8.     Professional Development: What additional professional development programs are you planning to prepare teachers and principals about the nuances of remote instruction?
 
9.     Date Privacy: How will you ensure student and data privacy?
 
10.  Preparing for the Next Year: What is your leadership team anticipate and doing to prepare for a new year after COVID-19 has been reduced?
 
11.  Stakeholder Involvement: COVID-19 has, in a sense, revolutionized education as we know it. Who are the stakeholders that you are going to bring together to develop a new Strategic Plan to address a new way of providing instruction?
 
12.  Communications with Citizens without Children in School : What strategies are using to ensuring that citizens without children in school are being kept up to date about how their taxes are being used to sustain student learning? How effective are these communication strategies?

13 Office Hour : What do you think about a daily, one-hour block of time for parents and citizens to call you, if they have questions?

School Board Members
  1. The Information to Answer All of the Questions.

 
  • Administrators at Paris Elementary in Aurora, Colorado, hold weekly virtual assemblies like pep rallies to keep positive school culture going during the coronavirus pandemic, Chalkbeat reports
  • The meetings have had some road bumps, including students and administrators struggling with mute buttons and unfamiliar usernames trying to join in. 
  • Ninety-eight percent of Paris Elementary’s 340 students qualify for subsidized lunches, and English is a second language to more than 75% of them. The rallies are one method of keeping families, many of which are under duress due to lost jobs and wages, connected to school during the shutdown. The school also tries to connect families to resources like mental health professionals. (Learn more.)
Chair and Member Roles: The Nuance of Effective Leadership of a School Board by Jack McKay, HML Executive Director and school board member.
Attending meetings is a normal part of being school board member, but your initial impression of the quality of the meeting is observing the chair’s ability to conduct the meeting effectively. 
The chair’ ability to balance the duties to lead the meeting while at the same time being an advocate for his or her position on issues is a fine line of diplomacy. It is the art of being an “Good” chair.
What does the chair do? Here is an essential list that defines the role of the school board chair:
 
  • Assisting the superintendent in planning the board's agendas;
  • Representing the district and the board at official functions;
  • Being responsible for the orderly conduct of all board meetings;
  • Calling special meetings when required;
  • Appointing all committees and serving as an ex-officio member of those committees, unless otherwise ordered by the board;
  • Keeping the vice-chair informed on all pertinent matters in case the chair is absent;
  • Acting as a resource to the superintendent on decisions that may require further information between board meetings;
  • Signing the minutes and other official documents that require the signature of the chair;
  • Assuming other duties authorized by the board. (1)
 
The typical policy statement about the school board chair's responsibility would be:
  1. Presides at meetings of the board, signs papers and documents as required by law or as authorized by action of the board, 
  2. Conducts meetings in the manner prescribed by the board's policies, 
  3. Has the full right to participate in all aspects of board action without relinquishing the chair, including the right to vote on all matters,
  4. Manage the board's deliberation so that it will be clear, concise, and directed to the issue at hand,
  5. Summarize discussion and action before moving on to the next agenda item.
  6. Manage the meeting so that the agenda is followed expeditiously,
  7. Official recipient of correspondence directed to the board and will provide to other board members and the superintendent, copies of the correspondence received on behalf of the board. 
  8. Consult with the superintendent on issues such as board meeting agenda, study session, and board retreat planning before presentation to the full board and perform tasks to facilitate board meetings. 
  9. Serve as the spokesperson of the board. 
  10. avoid speculating upon actions or decisions which the board may take. (2)
 
The subtleties of being a both school board member and chair seem to be easy to establish and reach an agreement. However, the chair of a school board is also a duly elected representative, therefore how does the chair perform the two roles?
 
You could say, "what's the big deal about the difference between the board chair and the members?" The board chair is certainly a member of the board and can and should speak on the issue. But, being chair and being a member are two distinct roles. Therein lies the complexity of leadership as the board chair.
 
Most research on the topic tells us that a good chairperson will lead the other board members by keeping them on the topic and facilitate the process in making good decisions (1). What is the role of the chair in contributing to that decision, while at the same time facilitate the decision-making process?
 
Some see the chair's role as a pure facilitator of the decision-making process and neutral, while others may see it as a position of influence and power. Both are ends of a continuum of the chair's role. The chair's role is a bit more complex and strategic. Patricia Wood, Consultant for the State School Directors' Association, explains that
 "The priority of the board chair is to make the school board successful as an operational team. Sometimes, a board member may want a louder voice and covet the position of the chair because they think it will give them a platform. Advice would that if the chair is doing a good job as chair, they give up their voice a little. Since the point is to run a productive and effective meeting while fostering a team, they show restraint and defer their voice at the expense of making the board successful. They shouldn't be quiet, but not the loudest voice. A board chair's real power lies in the agenda-setting."
 
So, to avoid the duality and possible conflict of the role of school board chair and member, the following are suggested the "4 Rs" of the chair:
  1. Respecting and encouraging the input of the other members over their own as the chair. 
  2. Resolving the issues is a higher priority than expressing an opinion, as the chair.
  3. Refereeing and facilitator of the impartial process is the higher priority as the chair 
  4. Restraining opinions while facilitating the process of decision-making is a greater responsibility as the chair.
 
According to Robert's Rules of Order, "The chairman sometimes calls a member to the chair and takes part in the debate. This should rarely be done. Nothing can justify it in a case where much feeling is shown and there is a liability to difficulty in preserving order. If the chairman has even the appearance of being a partisan, he loses much of his ability to control those who are on the opposite side of the question. There is nothing to justify the unfortunate habit some chairmen have of constantly speaking on questions before the assembly, even interrupting the member who has the floor. One who expects to take an active part in the debate should never accept the chair, or at least should not resume the chair, after having made his speech, until after the pending question is settled. The presiding officer of a large assembly should never be chosen for any reason except his ability to preside." (2)
 
 
References:
 
  1. The Role of the School Board Chair on the Oregon School Boards Association website. http://www.osba.org/Resources/Article/Board_Operations/Board_Chair.aspx
  2. Board Officers and Duties of Board Members – The CHAIR (model policy) https://www.csd49.org/userfiles/74/my%20files/1220%20board%20officers%20and%20duties%20of%20board%20members.pdf?id=2819
  3. What is the Role of the Board Chair? In Board Effects. https://www.boardeffect.com/blog/role-of-the-board-chair/
  4. The Chairman or President in Robert's Rules of Order Revised, Fourth Edition, Section 58. http://www.rulesonline.com/rror-10.htm
Greetings!
The HML Post for April 14, 2020
Be a follower on our new  Twitter page  
Visit the Horace Mann League Website
Visit the Horace Mann League  Blog
Cartoon of the Week
Sponsor a Professional Colleague for Membership  
in the Horace Mann League.    Click here  to download the "Sponsor a Colleague" form.
On the Art of Teaching  by Horace Mann. 
The book, On The Art of Teaching by Horace Mann has been presented to new teachers as a welcome gift by a number of schools district. For orders of 50 or more, the district's name is printed on the front cover.

Ordering Information
Cost per copy: $12.50
Orders of 50 to 99: $11.00
Orders of 100 or more: $10.00
Send orders to: (include name of district, P.O. #, and address)
The Horace Mann League of the USA
560 Rainier Lane, Port Ludlow, WA 98365
or  email:  Jack McKay
Our Corporate Partners
The Horace Mann League of the USA
Officers and Directors

President
Executive Director, Alaska Council of School Administrators
Juneau, AK

President-elect
Executive Director, National Superintendents Round Table, Seattle

Vice President
Dr. Ruben Alejandro, Consultant
Student Impact Consulting

Past President
Superintendent , Evergreen Public Schools,
Kalispell, MT


The Board of Directors
Professor Emeritus, Arizona State University
Phoenix, AZ
Executive Director. Tri-State Consortium
Setauket, NY
Executive Director, MOEC Collective Impact
Omaha, NE
Executive Director. Illinois ASA,
Springfield, IL
Special Education Consultant
Donna ISD, TX
Middle School Principal,
Zillah, WA
Political Reporter, Park City TV
Park City, UT.
Professor, Stanford University,
Palo Alto, CA
Superintendent of Schools,
Columbus, OH
Executive Manager, National Education Policy Center
Brandon, VT
Former Supt of Schools,
Boise ID
Assistant Professor
University of Nebraska at Omaha
Omaha, NE

Executive Director of the HML
Emeritus Professor of Educational Administration
University of Nebraska at Omaha
Port Ludlow, WA
The Horace Mann League Recent Past Presents

1989 Jack Mawdsley MI   
   
1990 John Prasch NE

1991 Ron Etheridge OH     
  
1992 Bob Fortenberry MS

1993 Malcolm Katz GS      

1994 Edna Manning OK

1995 Paul Houston VA       
  
1996 Terry Grier, CA

1997 Cleve Hammonds MO 

1998 Jane Hammond CO

1999 Beverly Reep OH         

2000 Kenneth Bird NE

2001 Ben Canada OR         
 
2002 Arthur Stellar MI

2003 Larry Dlugosh NE       

2004 Spike Jorgensen AK

2005 John Simpson VA      
 
2006 Walt Warfield I

2007 Colleen Wilcox CA    
  
2008 Fred Hartmeister TX

2009 Steve Rasmussen WA 
 
2010 George Garcia CO

2011 Julie Underwood, WI 
  
2012 Mark Edwards NC

2013 Joe Hairston MD    
      
2014 Gary Marx VA

2015 Charles Fowler NH      

2016 Christine Johns MI

2017 Martha Bruckner IA  
  
2018 Eric King IL

2019 Laurie Barron, MT

2020
[(360) 821 9877] 
 [www.hmleague.org]