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Q: Can you talk a little more about tariffs and what they might mean for the economy?
A: The broad tariff proposed by the president-elect would not apply to countries where we have a free trade agreement, like Canada and Mexico. According to JPMorgan, 38% of imports into the US are from those two countries, so any tariff increase would be on the remaining portion. They estimate this would increase prices overall, maybe around 0.7% (a very rough estimate). This could cause the Federal Reserve to keep rates higher than expected in a no- or low-tariff environment.
Therefore, a general tariff is inflationary, if implemented in such a broad way. And we can expect other countries to retaliate with tariffs of their own, so it could also reduce sales of US exports.
The total impact is uncertain but is unlikely to cause a recession by itself. And lower taxes, as proposed by Trump, would be stimulative to the economy while increasing long-term debt. Higher interest rates could keep mortgage rates higher, making housing more expensive.
The economy is very complex, and all these factors will come into play. For now, we wait and see what actually gets implemented in 2025.
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