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Lactobacillus acidophilus LB to treat acute gastroenteritis in childhood.
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L. acidophilus ("acid-loving milk-bacterium") occurs naturally in the gastrointestinal tract of humans. Some strains may have probiotic characteristics. Many strains have been studied and there is some evidence that some may reduce the incidence of pediatric diarrhea.
A meta analyses of four randomized controlled trials involving 304 children aged 1-48 months, indicates that there appears to be some evidence that L. acidophilus LB reduces the duration of diarrhea in hospitalized (but not for those who are out-patient) infants.
Acta Paediatrica |
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Late development of complete atrioventricular block (AVB).
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"AV block is defined as a delay or interruption in the transmission of an impulse from the atria to the ventricles due to an anatomical or functional impairment in the conduction system". Common terminology describes it as "first degree" (slowed conduction); "second degree" (missed beat) and "third degree" (complete AV block). It may transient or permanent. Congenital third degree heart block may be "immune" (frequently Systemic Lupus antibodies from the mother-autoantibodies) or "non-immune" in etiology.
A study investigating the correlation between maternal autoantibodies and age at diagnosis of complete AV block (AVB), indicates that 88% have maternal autoantibodies (an "immune" etiology ), and that these may give rise to AVB much later than during the neonatal period (age range: 4 months- 43 years!).
Acta Paediatrica
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