Midazolam is a short acting, rapid onset, low toxicity benzodiazepine which has potent anxiolytic, amnestic, hypnotic, anticonvulsant, skeletal muscle relaxing and sedative properties. It is well-absorbed by intra-nasal and buccal mucosae. It is frequently used as an analgesic which may increase the likelihood of respiratory depression and hypotension.

A study of 52 children (mean age 3 years), treated in a Developing country who underwent outpatient surgical procedures indicates a significant improvement in moaning, crying and struggling parameters compared to a non-treated control group.

Source: Acta Paediatrica

Is 100% Fruit Juice Causing Child Obesity?

Source: My Family Plate via You Tube 

Follow up of neonates with Total Serum Bilirubin (TSB) levels > 25mg/dl

A 1-5 year follow up study of all Danish infants born live (> 35 wks gestation) evaluated the relationship between TSB levels > 25mg/dl (severe hyperbilirubinemia) and subsequent development.

Severe hyperbilirubinemia in > 35 week gestation babies appears not to result in any developmental delay at 1 to 5 years compared to a control group.

Source:  Pediatrics 

 3M Syndrome - an undiagnosed cause of proportionate short stature

3M syndrome presents with a typical clinical phenotype-severe pre and post natal growth retardation, characteristic facies (relatively large head with frontal bossing, triangular face, hypoplastic midface, full eyebrows, fleshy nose, a prominent mouth and lips and a pointed chin) and characteristic radiological findings. It is caused by mutations in 1 of 3 genes (CUL7, OBSL1, and CCDC8) all of whom can be identified by molecular genetic testing.

Six Saudi families whose children showed typical clinical features of 3M syndrome underwent extensive, costly and avoidable investigations for alternative causes of short stature.  

Source:  The Journal of Pediatrics