American Minute with Bill Federer
Womem's Suffrage Leaders: Susan B. Anthony, Lucretia Mott, Frances Willard, Emma Willard, Elizabeth Cady Stanton
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In the
U.S. Capitol Rotunda
is a sculpture of women suffrage leaders
Susan B. Anthony, Elizabeth Cady Stanton,
and
Lucretia Mott.
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Lucretia Mott
(1793-1880) was a noted
Quaker minister
praised by Frederick Douglass.
She spoke at a Women's Rights Convention in Philadelphia, October 18, 1854.
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In the large audience were supporters abolitionist
William Lloyd Garrison
and her husband, Quaker leader
James Mott,
who was a founder of the
Pennsylvania Anti-Slavery Society
in 1838.
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Lucretia Mott
stated:
"On the occasion of the first miracle which it is said Christ wrought, a woman went before Him and said, 'Whatsoever he biddeth you do, that do.'
The woman of Samaria said, 'Come and see the man who told me all the things that ever I did' ...
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... The very first act of note that is mentioned when the disciples and apostles went forth after Jesus was removed from them, was the bringing up of
an ancient prophecy
to prove that they were right in the position they assumed on that occasion, when
men and women were gathered together on the holy day of Pentecost,
when every man heard and saw those wonderful works which are recorded.
Then
Peter
stood forth ... quoting
the prophet Joel
... that 'the time is come, this day is fulfilled the prophecy, when it is said, I will pour out my spirit upon all flesh, and your sons
and your daughters shall prophesy,'
etc. -- the language of the Bible is beautiful in its repetition -- 'upon my servants
and my handmaidens I will pour out my spirit
and they shall prophesy.'
Now can anything be clearer than that?"
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Lucretia Mott,
who is featured on
a U.S. Postage Stamp,
advocated for women suffrage, stating December 17, 1849:
"The laws given on Mount Sinai
for the government of man and woman were equal,
the precepts of Jesus
make no distinction.
Those who read the
Scriptures,
and judge for themselves, not resting satisfied with the perverted application of the text, do not find the distinction, that theology and ecclesiastical authorities have made, in the condition of the sexes."
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Susan B. Anthony
(1830-1906) is depicted on a
U.S. dollar coin,
and on a 3-cent stamp.
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She was raised a
Quaker.
Her father owned a cotton mill and refused to buy cotton from farmers who owned slaves.
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Susan B. Anthony's
religious upbringing instilled in her the concept that every one is equal before God and motivated her to crusade for freedom for slaves.
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After the Civil War,
Susan
worked hard for the passage of the
13th, 14th
and
15th Amendments.
Opposing liquor, drunkenness and abortion, she encountered mobs, armed threats, objects thrown at her and was hung in effigy.
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Her efforts helped bring about the
18th Amendment (Prohibition),
ratified in 1919.
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She succeeded in having women admitted to the University of Rochester, and
campaigned for a woman's right to vote.
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Susan B. Anthony
was arrested for voting in the 1872 Presidential Election, saying she
"positively voted the Republican ticket-straight."
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In 1873,
Susan
stood trial before Justice Ward Hunt. in
U.S. Federal Court.
On the final day of the trial, she was allowed to speak, giving what was described as "the most famous speech in the history of the agitation for woman suffrage."
Justice Ward kept interrupting her, ordering her to sit down, but she refused calling out "this high-handed outrage upon my citizen's rights."
Justice Hunt fined her $100, which she immediately protested that she would never pay.
Hunt announced she would not be jailed for failure to pay the fine, which effectively prevented the case from going to the Supreme Court.
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Susan B. Anthony
died MARCH 13, 1906. Fourteen years after her death,
women
won the
right to vote
with the
19th Amendment,
ratified in 1920.
After learning her sister-in-law had had an abortion,
Susan B. Anthony
wrote in her diary:
"She will rue the day she forces nature."
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Susan B. Anthony
was quoted in The Revolution, July 1869:
"I deplore
the horrible crime of child-murder ...
No matter what the motive, love of ease, or a desire to save from suffering the unborn innocent, the woman is awfully guilty who commits the deed.
It will burden her conscience in life, it will burden her soul in death;
But oh! Thrice guilty is he who ... drove her to the desperation which impels her to the crime."
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In a speech she gave repeatedly in the 1870s,
Susan B. Anthony
stated:
"The prosecutions on our courts for breach of promise, divorce, adultery, bigamy, seduction, rape; the newspaper reports every day of every year of scandals and outrages, of wife murders and paramour shooting, of abortions and infanticides, are perpetual reminders of men's incapacity to cope successfully with this monster evil of society."
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Susan B. Anthony
wrote in 1889 to
Frances Willard:
"Sweeter even than to have had the joy of caring for children of my own has it been to me to help bring about a better state of things for mothers generally, so that their
unborn little ones
could not be willed away from them."
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A statue of
Francis Willard
is in the
U.S. Capitol Building's National Statuary Hall,
placed there by the State of Illinois.
She was the
first woman college president
in the United States,
appointed to that position at Methodist
Evanston College for Ladies
in 1871.
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Frances Willard
(1839-1898) whose family had changed from Congregational Christian to Methodist, directed women's meetings for
Chicago evangelist Dwight L. Moody
in 1877.
In 1878, she was elected president of the
Illinois chapter
of the
Women's Christian Temperance Union,
then the next year became its national president.
Frances Williard
spoke in every state in the union at the time, campaigning for
prohibition of liquor
with the passage of the
18th Amendment,
and promoting
women voting
with the
19th Amendment.
Frances Willard
defended "womanliness," explaining that a woman should first be womanly, and wrote in
A White Life for Two
(Chicago: Women's Temperance Publishing Association, 1890):
"God
sets
male
and
female
side by side
throughout his realm of law."
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She was the first dean of women at
Northwestern University,
founder of the
World's Woman's Christian Temperance Union,
and first president of the
National Council of Women.
Frances Willard
defended women being public speakers:
"The masses of the people have forsaken
God's house,
and solace themselves in the saloons or the Sunday newspaper. But the masses will go to hear women when they speak.
Every woman who leads a life of weekday holiness, has
the Gospel
in her looks, however plain her face and dress may be, has round her head the sweet Madonna's halo, in the eyes of every man who sees her.
She speaks to him with the cadence of his own mother's voice. The devil knew what he was doing when he exhausted sophistry to keep woman down and silent ...
Men have been preaching well nigh two thousand years, and the large majority of the converts have been women.
Suppose now that women should share the preaching power, might it not be reasonably expected that a majority of the converts under their administration would be men?
Indeed, how else are the latter to have a fair chance at the
Gospel?
... Why, then should the pulpit be shorn of half its power?"
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Frances Willard's
older cousin was
Emma Willard
(1787-1870), who was an American educator and historian.
Emma
was born in Berlin, Connecticut and began teaching at the age of sixteen.
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Emma
was married to
John Willard
in 1809, and with his help she established a
girl's boarding school
in Middlebury, Vermont.
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Emma Willard
founded
Troy Female Seminary
in 1821, which was the
first school in the United States to offer higher education for women.
Emma Willard explained that the 19th century version of feminism was as an exercise in
"pure practical Christianity."
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A famous graduate from
Troy Female Seminary
in 1832 was
Elizabeth Cady Stanton
(1815-1902).
Her
"
Declaration of Sentiments" at the 1848 Seneca Falls Convention is credited with
initiating the nation's women's rights and women's suffrage movements.
Regarding abortion,
Elizabeth Cady Stanton
wrote:
"There must be a remedy for such a crying evil as this ... Let woman assert herself ... and
end this
wholesale suffering and
murder of helpless children."
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Troy Female Seminary
was renamed in 1895 to
Emma Willard School.
Emma
wrote many successful books and later built a school for women in Athens, Greece.
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In 1843,
Emma Willard
wrote:
"The government of the United States is acknowledged by the wise and good of other nations, to be
the most free, impartial, and righteous government of the world;
but all agree, that for such a government to be sustained for many years, the principles of truth and righteousness, taught in the
Holy Scriptures,
must be practiced.
The rulers must govern in
the fear of God,
and the people
obey the laws."
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In commenting on the United States,
Emma Willard
stated:
"In observing the United States, there is much to convince us, that an
Almighty, Overruling Providence,
designed from the first, to place here a great, united people."
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In 1857,
Emma Willard
published a book for children titled,
Morals for the Young: or, Good Principles Instilling Wisdom,
in which she wrote:
My Dear Children and Youth:-
Since, then, wisdom teaches us to rate everything at its just value, it is wise
to seek the favor and fear the frown of God,
rather than to seek the favor,and fear the frown of men ...
Look upon a Savior's cross
... ask pardon ... and the
Holy Spirit's guidance
...
receive the Christian's armor."
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American Minute is a registered trademark of William J. Federer. Permission is granted to forward, reprint, or duplicate, with acknowledgment.
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Schedule Bill Federer for informative interviews & captivating PowerPoint presentations: 314-502-8924
wjfederer@gmail.com
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