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The Mystery of the Kingdom of God
Kelly Anderson, S.S.L., Ph.D
Associate Professor of Biblical Studies for the Major Seminary, Saint Charles Borromeo Seminary + Ambler, Pa.
The parables of today’s Gospel address the fact that God’s Kingdom exists side by side with evil and death. How can we live knowing that God is all good and omnipotent, while he lets evil rears its head against us?
The answer is a surprising one. Jesus first teaches that God allows the weeds and the wheat to grow together lest the wheat be hurt. This weed resembles wheat in its early stages, and it is only distinguished as a weed with time. But by then, the roots are so entangled that the wheat could be harmed if the weed is rooted out before harvest.
But this seems foolish. How can the “wheat” endure the presence of evil? The parable of the leaven, the fourth of the seven parables in Matthew 13, the bullseye of the chapter, gives the answer. The woman has been compared to the Blessed Mother, to Wisdom, or to the Church, and the wheat flour is three measures, a large amount, about sixty pounds, or an ephah. This is the measure that Abraham prepares for the angels of God at Mamre (Gen 18:6), that Gideon brings to the Lord at Ophrah (Judges 6:19), and that Hannah brings with Samuel to the house of the Lord at Shiloh (1 Sam 1:24). In Ezekiel’s vision of the new temple, grain offerings will be an ephah of flour (Ezek 46:7). And so, the huge quantity of bread is an offering to God. Yeast, normally considered a corrupting element in Scripture, is now presented as that which can make the offered bread rise. Thus, that which normally might corrupt us, such as evil, suffering, and death, when quietly folded into the offered bread, actually enables the huge quantity of bread to rise. And so the “wheat” does not just endure the presence of “weeds.” Rather, when the woman brings the corrupting element, the leaven/weeds to the offered bread, the corrupting element becomes a source of salvation.
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