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“Executive Functions:
Describing Six Aspects of a Complex Syndrome”
by Thomas E. Brown, PhD, published in Attention Magazine (CHADD), February 2008.
It describes Brown’s model of ADHD as involving six clusters of executive-function difficulties:
- Activation — organizing, prioritizing, estimating time, and getting started.
- Focus — sustaining and shifting attention.
- Effort — regulating alertness, sustaining effort, and processing speed.
- Emotion — managing frustration, emotions, and motivation.
- Memory — using working memory and accessing information when needed.
- Action — monitoring and regulating behavior and carrying out tasks.
This is particularly useful for explaining to parents that ADHD is much more than simply having trouble paying attention. Brown described it as a complex pattern of executive-function impairments that can affect everyday self-management.
CHADD's current page listing Brown's articles confirms the exact title and February 2008 publication.
CHADD — Thomas E. Brown, PhD articles and publications
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