Greetings!
You know what they say about icebergs...only a fraction is visible above the surface. Most of it is below the water line.
This is a classic analogy for how we communicate. In the conflict resolution field, we talk about positions and interests. Someone's
POSITION is their demand, request, or threat. Positions are what they want to settle the problem, but only represent a fraction of what's going on.
Below the surface are a person's INTERESTS. These are the NEEDS that motivate someone; what they are protecting or seeking. Interests are their values, what’s in their heart. Examples: respect, safety, companionship, reputation, autonomy.
In mediation, we are always trying to uncover a person's interests. When we can identify the interests, we can find a way to connect and better understand what they need. It's through the interests that we find commonalities and see the humanity in each other.
What does this mean in practice?
Position
: Get your dog out of my yard!
Interest
s: I want to feel safe on my property and I don't think you respect my space.
Position
: I didn't have money to invest, but I should still get 50% of the business.
Interests
: My labor and network have created substantial value that should be recognized.
Position
: My roommate is a hoarder and needs to throw out her stuff.
Interests
: I feel overwhelmed, anxious and claustrophobic at home. Neat, open spaces help me relax.
Position
: It's not fair that I make less than my male colleague! I demand a raise!
Interests
: I want to be paid what I'm worth and I want to trust that my work product, not my gender, dictate my pay and treatment.
Active listening is so important right now. These questions are just a few that can help you uncover a person's interests:
- Share with me, why is this important to you?
- Tell me more about your experience...
- What matters most to you in this situation?
- What led you to decide to _____?
- Tell me more about the impact of ________...
- How can I support you?
In order to really understand someone, we can't just listen TO their words, we have to listen FOR their interests. Listen for their values, their needs. Listen for what's in their hearts.